Yanardağoğlu, E.2023-10-192023-10-19202112634-5978https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83102-8_3https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12469/4891This chapter considers modernisation in Turkey against the backdrop of the development of mass media. It focuses on the transition from the multicultural Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey in order to explain differences in citizenship practices and how they were reflected in the media system until the beginning of the 1980s, when the transition to a liberal market economy started to take place and Turkey’s integration with world markets accelerated. It considers the media systems’s articulation with the neo-liberal economy, the impact of globalization, de-regulation, and the emergence of new technologies. The chapter covers the basic tenets of the media system in Turkey until the end of the 1990s. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessCitizenshipCultural DiversityMass MediaModernisationBook Part599010.1007/978-3-030-83102-8_32-s2.0-85121749584