Tüfekçi,T.K.Şadi,Y.Esenyurt,H.Ş.2024-06-232024-06-2320230979-835032649-9https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECS58634.2023.10382868https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12469/5814Baykon Industrial Weighing Systems; et al.; IEEE; IEEE Circuits and Systems Society (CAS); Isik University, Faculty of Engineering; SavronikGlobal Navigation Satellite System is responsible for providing vessels at sea with navigational information such as positioning; however, to lighten the burden on GNSS and create a backup system, VDES R-Mode is being investigated. Using R-Mode positioning information can be obtained using already existing VDES equipment and decrease the dependency on GNSS. Time of arrival estimation is the pillar of R-Mode, and this work investigates the performance of R-Mode with multipath propagation using a modified version of Ziv Zakai Bound. © 2023 IEEE.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessCramer-Rao BoundMultipathR-ModeVDESZiv-Zakai BoundConference Object10.1109/ICECS58634.2023.103828682-s2.0-85183584311