Browsing by Author "Öner, Sezin"

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Citation Count: 2
Comparison of Earliest and Later Autobiographical Memories in Young and Middle-Aged Adults
(Istanbul Univ, 2019) Ece, Berivan; Demiray, Burcu; Öner, Sezin; Gülgöz, Sami
The current study examined earliest memories of young and middle-aged adults in comparison to a recent autobiographical memory and a free-report one from any life phase. These three types of memories were compared in terms of their memory characteristics such as vividness, emotionality. importance, confidence, and rehearsal frequency. A total of 319 young (18-30 years) and 112 middle-aged (40-65 years) adults completed the online survey. Results showed that earliest memories were rated either similar to or lower than later memories in their memory characteristics. More specifically. they received lower ratings than free-report memories in all memory characteristics whereas they did not significantly differ from recent memories only in importance and emotionality. In addition, free-report memories were highest in emotionality, importance and rehearsal frequency whereas recent memories were highest in vividness and confidence ratings. Compared to young adults, middle-aged adults provided higher ratings for all memory characteristics in general, and they further recalled earliest memories from an older age. Finally, the order of reporting the three types of memories (earliest memory first versus recent memory first) was examined with respect to its potential influence on memory characteristics and dating of the recalled memories. Results displayed no significant effect of the reporting order on memory characteristics. Dating of the earliest and free-report memories, however, was significantly affected by the reporting order. The mean age for earliest memories was higher when it was retrieved following the recent memory compared to the reporting order in which earliest memories are retrieved and reported first. Overall, results indicated that earliest memories arc not particularly special compared to later memories (e.g.. free-report memories) in terms of their memory characteristics, and they are vulnerable to experimental manipulation such as changing the reporting order just like other types of autobiographical memories.
Citation Count: 0
Covid-19'un Sağlık Çalışanları Üzerindeki Travmatik Etkisinin Bellek Çerçevesinde Boylamsal Olarak İncelenmesi
(2020) Öner, Sezin
Covid-19 salgını, siddeti zaman zaman degisiklik gösterse de tüm dünyada genis kitleleri etkilemistir. Saglık çalısanları, alınan olaganüstü tedbirler ile beraber giderek agırlasan çalısma sartlarında hem kendi yasadıkları hem de tanık oldukları olayların olumlu olumsuz etkilerini deneyimlemislerdir. Bu arastırma serisinin en temel amacı, salgın süresince sahada aktif olarak çalısan saglık çalısanlarının deneyimlerini üç ay ara ile ölçüp salgının psikolojik etkilerini incelemektir. Amaçlar dogrultusunda, üç ay arayla iki oturum yapılmıstır. Ilk arastırmada kisilerin salgına yönelik hatırlama süreçleri ve travma etkisini yordayabilecek stresle basa çıkma, ruminasyon gibi bireysel degiskenler incelenmistir. Ikinci arastırmada da geçen zaman ile hatırlama süreçlerindeki tutarlılık, travma sonrası stres ve gelisim tepkileri incelenmistir. Birinci arastırma sonuçlarına göre, pandemi tepkilerine bakıldıgında, algılanan stres düzeyi arttıkça saglık çalısanlarının kendi saglıkları için duydukları endisenin arttıgı ve salgını da o kadar uzun süredir yasıyor gibi algıladıkları görülmüstür. Bu hep salgın varmıs gibi yasıyor olma hissi hem algılanan stres ile tetiklenmekte hem de stres düzeyini artırmaktadır. Hastalarla yakın çalısıyor ve yüksek saglık riski tasıyor olmalarına ragmen, hatırlama süreçlerinde salgının saglık ve ekonomik etkilerinin degil, duygusal ve psikolojik etkisinin belirleyici oldugu bulunmustur. Saglık çalısanlarının bas etme becerilerinin artması ile yeniden yasama hissi ve görsel imgelem gibi bellek özellikleri de daha yüksek degerlendirilmistir. Ikinci arastırma bulgularına göre bireyler olayları ne denli canlı, duygusal yogunlugu yüksek ve yeniden yasıyormusçasına hatırlıyor ise travmatik stres ve travma sonrası gelisim tepkileri de o denli yüksektir. Bu bulgular saglık çalısanlarının olayları belleklerinde nasıl temsil ettiginin olayların ardından ne ölçüde travmatize olduklarını belirleyecegi öngörüsünü dogrulamaktadır. Travmatik stres ve travma sonrası gelisim tepkilerinin oldukça örtüsük bulunması, salgının artan bir siddetle hala devam etmesi ile açıklanmıstır. Incelenen aracı degisken modellerinde ruminasyonun etkisi anlamlı bulunmus anıların canlılıgının özellikle ruminasyon düzeyi yüksek bireylerde korundugu ve hatta arttıgı bunun da travma sonrası duygusal tepkileri yordadıgı gösterilmistir. Bu arastırma serisinin bellek ve travma alanyazınına en önemli katkısı, kısa bir sürede olup biten olumsuz bir süreç yerine, pandemi gibi ne zaman bitecegi belli olmayan, uzun zamana yayılmıs ve daha önceki herhangi bir olumsuz deneyime benzemeyen bir sürecte yapılmıs olmasıdır. Böylelikle, bireysel faktörler ve hatırlama özelliklerine baglı olan dolaylı travma tepkileri, salgının kısa ve uzun vadedeki etkileri henüz olay devam ediyorken izlenebilmistir. Saglık çalısanlarının sadece kendi baslarından geçen olaylar ile degil, hastaların baslarından geçen ve tanık oldukları olaylar ile de önemli ölçüde travmatize oldukları gösterilmistir. Sunulan bulgular ısında, pandemi etkilerinden özellikle psikolojik etki düzeyinin hatırlama özellikleri ve bas etme becerileri ile iliskisi göz önüne alındıgında, saglık çalısanlarının psikolojik kaynaklarını arttırmaya yönelik müdahele ve destek planlarının önemine isaret etmektedir.
Citation Count: 0
Emotion Regulation Function of Autobiographical Remembering
(TURKISH PSYCHOLOGISTS ASSOC, 2020) Öner, Sezin; Gülgoz, Sami
In this study, we aimed to investigate emotion regulation function of autobiograhical remembering within an integrative perspective. We asked participants to recall sadness, anger and happiness related events for emotion induction, then they recalled any random memory that came to their mind. In the latter remembering experience. Pre- and post-report emotionality ratings and phenomenological features of the recall were examined to test whether subsequent recall served to upregulate positive emotions. Only in sadness and anger memory groups who recalled memories with high emotional impact reported more positive emotions after subsequent remembering. Also, we found distinct mechanisms by which sadness and anger groups used for emotion regulation such that for the sadness group whereas the emotional intensity accounted for the role of upregulation, for the anger group, importance of the event predicted enhanced positivity. Findings are discussed in the context of the emotion regulation function of autobiographical remembering.
Citation Count: 0
Family Reminiscence Scale: a Measure of Early Communicative Context
(2020) Öner, Sezin; Ece, Berivan; Gülgöz, Sami
We developed and validated the Family Reminiscence Scale (FARS) in which adults rate their frequency ofreminiscing with their parents about childhood experiences. In three studies, we characterized how FARS wasrelated to adults’ recollections of their earliest memories in different cultural contexts. First, we examined thefactorial structure of FARS and obtained two factors of reminiscing: first-time events and general-recurrent events.In the second study, confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, in which we established measurementinvariance across gender and age groups. In Study 3, we tested the factorial structure of FARS in an Americansample to ensure cross-cultural invariance. We also showed that the two factors were differentially related to thephenomenology of earliest memories in samples from Turkey and United States (Study 2 & Study 3). Overall,FARS was found to be reliable and valid to measure for adult samples to assess the quality of the linguistic inputduring childhood. Predictive value of FARS has been shown across different gender, age, and culture groups,underlining the organizational role of the early communicative context in the phenomenology and linguistic styleof adults’ early memories.© 2020 JLLS and the Authors - Published by JLLS.
Citation Count: 17
Neural Substrates of Cognitive Emotion Regulation: a Brief Review
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Öner, Sezin
The current paper aims to review the recent evidence on the neural correlates of emotion regulation. The review is organized into two main sections. First cognitive models that neuroimaging research is based on are introduced with a specific emphasis on the process-specific explanations of emotion regulation. In the second section neuroimaging research is discussed in line with the evidence from human and nonhuman animals. Existing evidence suggests that regulation of emotions may be achieved either by bottom-up subcortical or top-down frontal mechanisms. The former way acts on the initial phases of emotion generation whereas the latter appears to influence the higher-order structures for cognitive change and modulation of emotional responses. Although there is still an ongoing debate on when the generation stops and regulation starts on the emotion process with respect to neural mechanisms underlying regulatory strategies appear to be more consistent. Potential questions are also addressed for future research to contribute to especially the individual differences adaptive emotion regulation.
Citation Count: 0
Otobiyografik Hatırlamada Duygu Yoğunluğu ve Duygu Değerliği
(2021) Öner, Sezin
Bu derleme çalışması duygu yoğunluğu ve duygu değerliği gibi duygu bileşenlerinin olayların erişilebilirliği ve hatırlama özellikleri çerçevesinde teorik yaklaşımlar ve ampirik bulgular ışığında değerlendirmeye odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda farklı otobiyografik belleğin fenomenolojik özellikleri dışında flaş bellek, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ve duygudurum bozuklukları ele alınmakta ve duygu bileşenlerinin etkisi davranışsal ve beyin görüntüleme çalışmaları çerçevesinde tartışılmaktadır. Literatürdeki bulgulardan yola çıkarak gelecek çalışmalar için yoğunluk ve değerlik gibi duygu bileşenlerinin otobiyografik hatırlamadaki rolünü açıklayabilecek alternatif bütüncül bir yaklaşım önerilmektedir.
Citation Count: 0
Remembering Successes and Failures: Rehearsal Characteristics Influence Recollection and Distancing
(Routledge Journals Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Öner, Sezin; Gulgoz, Sami
We investigated the relationship between components of rumination brooding and reflection and autobiographical remembering by testing whether voluntary and involuntary rehearsal mediated rumination-related variation in the sensory-affective and metacognitive features of memory experience. We focused on achievement and failure memories as both are goal-related events yet they represent distinct experiences in terms of valence and functionality. For failure memories brooding was associated with intense recollection and reduced psychological distance. Brooding was related to enhanced distance of achievements indicating the disruptive effects of brooding on remembering. Although reflection attenuated the recollective experience for both achievement and failure memories it brought achievement memories to a subjective closer past. Structural equation modelling demonstrated the mediating role of involuntary remembering on the pattern of remembering experience.
Citation Count: 17
Representing the Collective Past: Public Event Memories and Future Simulations in Turkey
(Routledge, 2020) Öner, Sezin; Gülgöz, Sami
Common processes involved in remembering and predicting personal and public events have led researchers to study public events as a part of autobiographical memory. In the present study, we asked for past events and future predictions and examined the temporal distribution and factors that made these salient in event representations. A sample of 1577 individuals reported six most important public events since their birth and six future events that they expected. Past events mostly came from the recent past and were negative in valence. Similarly, future predictions consisted of negative events that are expected to occur in the near past. We did not find a reminiscence bump but there was a strong recency effect. Despite being inconsistent with some literature, this supports the view that remembering the past is largely influenced by the current goals and experiences. Also, in predicting what is remembered from the past and what is expected in the future, what individuals believed others would report appeared as a robust predictor.
Citation Count: 1
Toplumsal Olaylara Dair Episodik ve Semantik Bellek Süreçlerinin Heyecanlanma Düzeyi ile İlişkisinin Yaş ve Heyecanın Ölçüm Türü Açısından İncelenmesi
(Istanbul Univ, 2020) Ece, Berivan; Öner, Sezin; Gulgoz, Sami
The major aims of the study were to investigate (1) the potential differences in arousal levels for episodic (EM) and semantic memory (SM) processes regarding public events and the comparison of these differences for different age groups, (2) the consistency of self-report versus objective measures of arousal, and (3) phenomenological characteristics of the events as function of memory type and arousal level. The sample consisted of 32 young adults whose ages ranged between 18 and 25 years (M = 20.60, SD = 2.22), 33 middle-aged adults aged between 40 and 55 years (M = 47.32, SD = 6.60), and 30 elderly people aged between 60 and 75 years (M = 69.97, SD = 6.16). Participants were asked to make a remember/know judgment for the 10 public events presented to them. They further answered event-related questions (SM) and questions regarding the context of hearing about the event (EM). Moreover, they reported their arousal level during recall and evaluated each event in terms of phenomenological characteristics such as importance, emotional intensity, and valence. Arousal level was also measured using physiological measurements with the GSR device. Based on self-reports, EM processes were associated with higher arousal levels compared to SM processes whereas the five physiological indicators of arousal displayed different patterns. Both EM and SM performance displayed an increase together with the increasing arousal levels, and young participants displayed higher levels of arousal and faster physiological responses than both middle-aged and elderly adults. When phenomenological characteristics were examined, remembered public events were rated more important, emotionally more intense and more negative than known events. Furthermore, higher arousal levels were associated with higher ratings of emotional intensity, importance and negativity. The reliability of self-reports and the critical role of applying objective measures were discussed together with the findings. Finally, some suggestions were proposed for future research on the basis of the current limitations and results.