Browsing by Author "Paudyal, Sumit"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

Citation Count: 1
Analysis of Local and Centralized Control of PV Inverters for Voltage Support in Distribution Feeders
(IEEE, 2021) Ceylan, Oğuzhan; Paudyal, Sumit; Pisica, Ioana
Higher photovoltaic penetration on distribution system brings operational challenges including overvoltage issues. With smart inverters, efficient voltage control can be achieved through adjusting active/reactive powers of inverters. However, reactive power may not be as effective as active power in regulating voltage due to high R/X ratio of distribution networks. Thus, active power curtailment (APC) techniques in coordination with reactive power control are required in distribution networks. In this study, we aim to evaluate the performances of a sensitivity based method and an optimal power flow (OPF) based centralized method of reactive power control (in coordination with APC) from inverters in managing voltage profile on distribution networks. We performed simulations on a 730-node MV/LV system upto 100% PV penetration. Based on the case studies using different penetration levels of PVs, we observed that: a) sensitivity based method is not always able to solve overvoltage issues and energy curtailments are high, and b) OPF-based method can ensure that voltage remains within the operational bound with significantly less energy curtailment.
Citation Count: 3
Assessment of Harmonic Distortion on Distribution Feeders with Electric Vehicles and Residential PVs
(IEEE, 2017) Ceylan, Oğuzhan; Paudyal, Sumit; Dahal, Sudarshan; Karki, Nava R.
Power-electronic interfacing based devices such as photovoltaic (PV) panels and electric vehicles (EVs) cause voltage/current harmonic distortions on the power grid. The harmonic current profiles from EVs and PVs depend on the design of the controllers integrated to the PV inverters and EV chargers. Similarly the voltage and current harmonic distortions on a grid change throughout the day as the PV output power number of grid connected EVs and the other load pattern change. In this context we present harmonic assessment to demonstrate cumulative effect of large number of EVs and PVs on a medium voltage distribution grid. We will demonstrate the case studies on the IEEE 123-node distribution feeder with 20% 50% and 100% PV and EV penetrations based on time series simulations carried out for an entire day.
Citation Count: 6
Comparative Study of Active Power Curtailment Methods of PVs for Preventing Overvoltage on Distribution Feeders
(IEEE, 2018) Ceylan, Oğuzhan; Bhattarai, Bishnu P.; Tonkoski, Reinaldo; Dahal, Sudarshan; Ceylan, Oğuzhan
Overvoltage is one of the major issues on distribution grids with high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) generation. Overvoltage could be prevented through the control of active/reactive power of PVs. However given the high R/X ratio of low voltage feeders voltage control by using reactive power would not be as effective as using active power. Therefore active power curtailment (APC) of PVs though not desirable becomes necessary at times to prevent the overvoltage issues. Existing literature is rich in centralized and droop-based methods for APC and/or reactive power control of PVs to prevent overvoltage issues. In this context this paper revisits the most popular existing methods and evaluates the performance of droop-based and centralized methods using a typical North American 240 V low voltage feeder with 24 residential homes. In this work our key findings are: a) droop-based methods provided conservative solutions or did not eliminate the overvoltages completely b) power flow sensitivity based droop approach led to 13% more curtailment than the centralized approaches c) centralized approach had 40% less energy curtailed compared with standard droop while no overvoltages were observed and d) operating PVs at non-unity power factor in centralized approach led to 5% less energy curtailment.
Citation Count: 1
A comparative study of surrogate based learning methods in solving power flow problem
(IEEE, 2020) Ceylan, Oğuzhan; Taşkın, Gülsen; Paudyal, Sumit
Due to increasing volume of measurements in smart grids, surrogate based learning approaches for modeling the power grids are becoming popular. This paper uses regression based models to find the unknown state variables on power systems. Generally, to determine these states, nonlinear systems of power flow equations are solved iteratively. This study considers that the power flow problem can be modeled as an data driven type of a model. Then, the state variables, i.e., voltage magnitudes and phase angles are obtained using machine learning based approaches, namely, Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), and Support Vector Regression (SVR). Several simulations are performed on the IEEE 14 and 30-Bus test systems to validate surrogate based learning based models. Moreover, input data was modified with noise to simulate measurement errors. Numerical results showed that all three models can find state variables reasonably well even with measurement noise.
Citation Count: 97
Coordinated Electric Vehicle Charging With Reactive Power Support to Distribution Grids
(IEEE, 2019) Ceylan, Oğuzhan; Bharati, Guna R.; Paudyal, Sumit; Ceylan, Oğuzhan; Bhattarai, Bishnu P.; Myers, Kurt S.
We develop hierarchical coordination frameworks to optimally manage active and reactive power dispatch of number of spatially distributed electric vehicles (EVs) incorporating distribution grid level constraints. The frameworks consist of detailed mathematical models which can benefit the operation of both entities involved i.e. the grid operations and EV charging. The first model comprises of a comprehensive optimal power flow model at the distribution grid level while the second model represents detailed optimal EV charging with reactive power support to the grid. We demonstrate benefits of coordinated dispatch of active and reactive power from EVs using a 33-node distribution feeder with large number of EVs (more than 5000). Case studies demonstrate that in constrained distribution grids coordinated charging reduces the average cost of EV charging if the charging takes place at nonunity power factor mode compared to unity power factor. Similarly the results also demonstrate that distribution grids can accommodate charging of increased number of EVs if EV charging takes place at nonunity power factor mode compared to unity power factor.
Citation Count: 15
Nodal Sensitivity-Based Smart Inverter Control for Voltage Regulation in Distribution Feeder
(IEEE Electron Devices Society, 2021) Ceylan, Oğuzhan; Paudyal, Sumit; Pisica, Ioana
Overvoltage is one of the issues in distribution grids with high penetration of photovoltaics (PVs). Centralized or droop-based methods of active power curtailment (APC) and/or reactive power control of PVs are viable solutions to prevent overvoltage. This article proposes two distributed methods to control PV inverters, which are based on nodal sensitivities. Then, the performance of the proposed methods is compared with two commonly used control methods, i.e., a distributed method that follows IEEE-1547 but uses arbitrarily chosen droops and a centralized optimal power flow (OPF) based method. Performance is evaluated using a 730-node feeder with up to 100% penetration of inverters. Based on the case studies, the key findings are: first, local droop setting as per IEEE-1547, whether the droops are arbitrarily chosen or systematically calculated using sensitivities, can eliminate overvoltage if reactive power control and APC are coordinated, second, the proposed sensitivity-based approach yields the best voltage performance index computed based on voltage profile compared to the maximum allowed upper bound, and third, OPF-based method is desirable if communication infrastructure exists and minimum energy curtailment is sought.
Citation Count: 0
Semi-Centralized Control of Distributed Generation in Smart Grids
(IEEE, 2018) Ceylan, Oğuzhan; Pisica, Ioana; Paudyal, Sumit
This paper proposes a semi-centralized intelligent control approach for voltage regulation in distribution grids based on sensitivity calculations. The model checks the voltage magnitudes of each end of each lateral in the system one by one then if any of these violates the allowed voltage magnitudes each node in a single lateral sends its reactive power capability and sensitivity information to the sensor located at the beginning node of that lateral. This information is sorted at the sensor and required voltage is computed and assigned to the bids one by one. This paper tests this approach on a modified 33 Node Distribution Test system with several renewable energy sources: photovoltaics (PVs) and wind turbines (WTs) and presents the numerical results based on a 15 minute resolution load data PV outputs and WT outputs.