Browsing by Author "Batmaz, A.U."

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Citation - Scopus: 6
Does Repeatedly Typing the Same Phrase Provide a Good Estimate of Expert Text Entry Performance?
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2023) Mutasim, A.K.; Batmaz, A.U.; Hudhud Mughrabi, M.; Stuerzlinger, W.; Mechatronics Engineering; 05. Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; 01. Kadir Has University
To identify if novel/unfamiliar keyboard layouts like OPTI can outperform QWERTY, lengthy training through longitudinal studies is typically required. To reduce this logistical bottleneck, a popular approach in the literature requires participants to type the same phrase repeatedly. However, it is still unknown whether this approach provides a good estimate of expert performance. To validate this method, we set up a study where participants were tasked with typing the same phrase 96 times for both OPTI and QWERTY. Results showed that this approach has the potential to estimate expert performance for novel/unfamiliar keyboards faster than the traditional approach with different phrases. Yet, we also found that accurate estimates still require training over several days and, therefore, do not eliminate the need for a longitudinal study. Our findings thus show the need for research on faster, easier, and more reliable empirical approaches to evaluate text entry systems. © 2023 Owner/Author.
Citation - Scopus: 11
Exploring Discrete Drawing Guides To Assist Users in Accurate Mid-Air Sketching in Vr
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2022) Türkmen, R.; Pfeuffer, K.; Barrera MacHuca, M.D.; Batmaz, A.U.; Gellersen, H.; Mechatronics Engineering; 05. Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; 01. Kadir Has University
Even though VR design applications that support sketching are popular, sketching accurately in mid-air is challenging for users. In this paper, we explore discrete visual guides that assist users' stroke accuracy and drawing experience inside the virtual environment. We also present an eye-tracking study that compares continuous, discrete, and no guide in a basic drawing task. Our experiment asks participants to draw a circle and a line using three different guide types, three different sizes and two different orientations. Results indicate that discrete guides are more user-friendly than continuous guides, as the majority of participants preferred their use, while we found no difference in speed/accuracy compared to continuous guides. Potentially, this can be attributed to distinct eye-gaze strategies, as discrete guides led users to shift their eyes more frequently between guide points and the drawing cursor. Our insights are useful for practitioners and researchers in 3D sketching, as they are a first step to inform future design applications of how visual guides inside the virtual environment affect visual behaviour and how eye-gaze can become a tool to assist sketching. © 2022 ACM.
Haptic-Assisted Soldering Training Protocol in Virtual Reality: The Impact of Scaffolded Guidance
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Yilmaz, M.; Batmaz, A.U.; Sarac, M.
In this paper, we present a virtual training platform for soldering based on immersive visual feedback (i.e., a Virtual Reality (VR) headset) and scaffolded guidance (i.e., disappearing throughout the training) provided through a haptic device (Phantom Omni). We conducted a between-subject user study experiment with four conditions (2D monitor with no guidance, VR with no guidance, VR with constant, active guidance, and VR with scaffolded guidance) to evaluate their performance in terms of procedural memory, motor skills in VR, and skill transfer to real life. Our results showed that the scaffolded guidance offers the most effective transitioning from the virtual training to the real-life task — even though the VR with no guidance group has the best performance during the virtual training. These findings are critical for the industry and academy looking for safer and more effective training techniques, leading to better learning outcomes in real-life implementations. Furthermore, this work offers new insights into further haptic research in skill transfer and learning approaches while offering information on the possibilities of haptic-assisted VR training for complex skills, such as welding and medical stitching. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 2
When Anchoring Fails: Interactive Alignment of Large Virtual Objects in Occasionally Failing AR Systems
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Batmaz, A.U.; Stuerzlinger, W.; Mechatronics Engineering; 05. Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences; 01. Kadir Has University
Augmented reality systems show virtual object models overlaid over real ones, which is helpful in many contexts, e.g., during maintenance. Assuming all geometry is known, misalignments in 3D poses will still occur without perfectly robust viewer and object 3D tracking. Such misalignments can impact the user experience and reduce the potential benefits associated with AR systems. In this paper, we implemented several interaction algorithms to make manual virtual object alignment easier, based on previously presented methods, such as HoverCam, SHOCam, and a Signed Distance Field. Our approach also simplifies the user interface for manual 3D pose alignment in 2D input systems. The results of our work indicate that our approach can reduce the time needed for interactive 3D pose alignment, which improves the user experience. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.