Browsing by Author "Orun, Oya"

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Investigation of Novel Nimesulide Derivatives Against Breast Cancer
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2025) Birgul, Kaan; Atlihan, Irem; Dere, Damla; Yelekci, Kemal; Tiber, Pinar Mega; Orun, Oya; Kucukguzel, S. Guniz
This study focused on the synthesis of novel nimesulide semicarbazone derivatives and the evaluation of their cytotoxic potential against luminal-A (MCF-7) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines. Additionally, their effects on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), apoptosis, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway modulation were investigated. Breast cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy among women, with luminal-A and triple-negative subtypes posing significant therapeutic challenges due to drug resistance and the lack of effective targeted treatments. The MAPK pathway plays a crucial role in breast cancer progression, making its inhibition a promising therapeutic approach. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly nimesulide, have demonstrated anticancer potential beyond their well-established anti-inflammatory properties. Accordingly, the semicarbazone moiety was incorporated into the molecular scaffold to enhance the antiproliferative efficacy of nimesulide derivatives, as it has been reported to exhibit cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects across various cancer cell lines. A series of nimesulide semicarbazone derivatives (5a-m) were synthesized through multi-step reactions and characterized using elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectroscopy (5e). In silico studies were performed to predict their binding affinities to MAPK12. The cytotoxic effects of the synthesized compounds were assessed by determining IC50 values in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines (CCK8 test). Compounds exhibiting strong cytotoxic activity were further examined for their impact on MMP depolarization (JC-1 assay), apoptosis induction (Annexin V-FITC/PI staining), and MAPK pathway modulation (Western blotting of p-ERK and ERK protein). Molecular docking results indicated that the synthesized compounds exhibited favorable interactions with MAPK12, with compound 5e showing one of the highest binding affinity (-9.29 kcal/mol, Ki = 0.154 mu M). Cytotoxicity assays revealed that compound 5e had the lowest IC50 values (11.77 +/- 0.26 mu M in MCF-7; 20.72 +/- 0.25 mu M in MDA-MB-231), demonstrating significantly higher cytotoxicity than nimesulide. JC-1 assays confirmed that compound 5e induced MMP depolarization at higher concentrations, suggesting apoptosis activation. Flow cytometry analysis further validated a substantial increase in apoptotic cell populations following treatment with compound 5e. Western blot results showed a dose-dependent decrease in p-ERK levels in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, confirming MAPK pathway inhibition. These findings support that nimesulide-based semicarbazones, particularly compound 5e, exhibit potent antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity via MAPK pathway modulation, offering a promising avenue for the development of targeted breast cancer therapies.
Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 10
Synthesis and Molecular Modeling of Metap2 of Thiosemicarbazides, 1,2,4-Triazoles, Thioethers Derived From (s)-Naproxen as Possible Breast Cancer Agents
(Elsevier, 2022) Birgul, Kaan; Uba, Abdullah Ibrahim; Cuhadar, Ozan; Sevinc, Sevgi Kocyigit; Tiryaki, Selen; Tiber, Pinar Mega; Orun, Oya
New thiosemicarbazides (3, 5-6), 1,2,4-triazoles (14-15) and thioethers (22-68) from derived (S)-Naproxen were synthesized in this study. The structure of these compounds were elucidated by spectral (FT-IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR) methods, besides elemental analysis and TLC. The molecular binding of the compounds on MetAP-2 was performed. Anticancer effects of the synthesized compounds were studied by using MTT assay method on MCF-7 (includes oestrogene and progesterone receptors) and MDA-MB-231 (lacks estrogen and progesterone receptors) adenocarcinoma cell lines at 0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mu M concentrations for 24 h. The IC(50 )values of novel (S)-Naproxen derivatives were determined between from 5 to 100 mu M on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The apoptotic activity of selected compounds 22 and 42 were first analyzed by Annexin V staining using Tali Image-Based Cytometer. Mitochondrial membrane potential changes determined in fluorescence plate reader following JC-1 stain for compounds 22 and 42 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The effect of these compounds on the cell viability 4T1 mouse mammary tumor cell line was tested at 1 to 5 times of calculated IC50 value (IC(50)x1, IC(50)x2, IC(50)x3, IC(50)x4, and IC(50)x5). Next in order to determine the toxicity of the combination of compound 51 and Docetaxel, WST-1 cell viability and proliferation assay was performed with 4T1. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.