İmar hareketlerinin tarihi çevre ile ilişkisi: Kazlıçeşme Mahallesi sınırlarında kalan sur tecrit alanı örneği
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Date
2018
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Kadir Has Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Arkeolojik eserlerin korunması amacıyla başlayan koruma anlayışı, zaman içinde anıtsal yapıların korunması anlayışına ulaşmıştır. II. Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonraki dönemde sadece anıtların korunması yeterli görülmemiş, çevresinin de korunması gerekliliği anlaşılmıştır. Dünyada bu yönde gelişim gösteren koruma anlayışı Ülkemizde de kabul görmüş, mevzuatta da bu yönde değişimler başlamıştır. Mevzuatta meydana gelen değişimler, tarihi çevrenin korunmasında, en önemli araçlardan biri olan planlama ile koruma olgusunu daha yakından ilişkilendirmiştir. Sit alanı kararı neticesinde koruma altına alınan tarihi çevrenin, korunması gerekli dokusunu kaybetmemesi ve geleceğe devamlılığının sağlanması için kentlerin planlanmasında doğru kararların alınması gerekmektedir. Özellikle kentsel gelişimin baskılarına karşı korumanın sağlanabilmesi için planlama sırasında koruma ve bütüncül planlama ilkelerinin göz önünde bulundurulması gerekmektedir. Ancak Ülkemizde, kentsel alanların planlanması farklı yasalar ele alınarak yapılmakta, bu da beraberinde parçacıl planlamayı ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bütüncül planlamadan uzaklaşılması, koruma bilincinin gerek toplum tarafından gerekse de siyasi yönden tam olarak özümsenmemiş olması tarihi çevre dokusunun özelliğini zaman içinde kaybetmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada planlama ve korumanın tarihsel gelişimi incelenerek özellikle bu alanlara ilişkin mevzuatta yaşanan gelişmeler ele alınmıştır. Planlama-koruma ilişkisi irdelenmiş, bu çerçevede mevzuatta yer alan kavramlar ele alınmış, yaşanan mevzuat değişikliklerinin ve sonucunda alınan plan kararları ile yapılan imar hareketlerinin tarihi çevreye etkileri, Kazlıçeşme Mahallesi Sınırlarında Kalan Sur Tecrit Alanı örneği üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir.
Concept of conservation that started with protecting archeological artifacts, in the course of the time evolved into conservation of monumental buildings. After World War II, approach that supports not only the preservation of the monuments alone but also their surroundings has earned ground and was widely accepted. As the approach towards preservation developed in this perspective in the world, it is also accepted in our country and regulations started to be amended in this respect. Amendments in the regulations brought the two most important tools in the protection of historical environment closer together: Planning and concept of preservation. Cities should be planned correctly for the historical environment that are declared to be “Conservation Areas” so that they will not lose their patterns and patina to be protected and will be transfered to the next generation. Principals of protection and integrated planning should be the essence during the process of planning in order to resist against the presure of urban development. However, planning of urban areas in our country are made in the light of different laws. This results in fragmented planning. Immature public and political awareness on protection and preservation and not following principals of integrated planning cause historical texture to be lost in the course of time. This thesis studies historical development of planning and conservation focusing on the developments and changes in the laws and regulations in this area. The study attempts to examine the relations between planning and preservation, focusing on the concepts addressed by the regulations. The study looks into the impact of planning decisions and reconstruction movements appearing as a result of changes in regulations on the historical environment through the example of Isolation Area of part of the City Walls of Istanbul which is located in KazlıçeĢme neighbourhood.
Concept of conservation that started with protecting archeological artifacts, in the course of the time evolved into conservation of monumental buildings. After World War II, approach that supports not only the preservation of the monuments alone but also their surroundings has earned ground and was widely accepted. As the approach towards preservation developed in this perspective in the world, it is also accepted in our country and regulations started to be amended in this respect. Amendments in the regulations brought the two most important tools in the protection of historical environment closer together: Planning and concept of preservation. Cities should be planned correctly for the historical environment that are declared to be “Conservation Areas” so that they will not lose their patterns and patina to be protected and will be transfered to the next generation. Principals of protection and integrated planning should be the essence during the process of planning in order to resist against the presure of urban development. However, planning of urban areas in our country are made in the light of different laws. This results in fragmented planning. Immature public and political awareness on protection and preservation and not following principals of integrated planning cause historical texture to be lost in the course of time. This thesis studies historical development of planning and conservation focusing on the developments and changes in the laws and regulations in this area. The study attempts to examine the relations between planning and preservation, focusing on the concepts addressed by the regulations. The study looks into the impact of planning decisions and reconstruction movements appearing as a result of changes in regulations on the historical environment through the example of Isolation Area of part of the City Walls of Istanbul which is located in KazlıçeĢme neighbourhood.
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Tarihi Çevrenin Korunması, Planlama, Yenileme Alanı, Kazlıçeşme, Sur Tecrit Alanı, Preservation of historical environment, Protection of historical environmenti Planning, Regeneration Area, Kazlıçeşme, City Walls Isolation Area