Energy-Efficient Resources Allocation with Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO in Ultra Dense HetNets by SWIPT and CoMP

Abstract

Ultra-dense HetNets (UDN)-based Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) massive MIMO is considered a promising technology for 5th generation (5G) wireless communications systems since it can offer massively available bandwidth and improve energy efficiency (EE) substantially. However, in UDN, the power consumption of the system increases sharply with the increase of network density. In this paper, we investigate the optimization of the EE in the mmWave massive MIMO systems with UDN. To develop the functions of massive MIMO, we first propose a system model where the massive MIMO harvests electromagnetic energy from the environment employing simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technology, implemented at the base station (BS). Then, the EE optimization problem is formulated for 5G mmWave massive MIMO systems within the UDN. Considering the nonconcave feature of the objective function, an iterative EE algorithm is developed, based on Dinkelbach method. To utilize the role of coordinated multi-point transmission and reception (CoMP) for improving the EE, a coordinated user(UE)-BS association algorithm-based CoMP with maximum energy efficiency (MaxEE) is proposed. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has a substantially faster convergence rate and is very effective, compared with existing methods.