İznik Elbeyli Köyü Kırsal Mirasının Korunması
Loading...
Date
2021
Authors
Talyak, Nazli Doğan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kadir Has Üniversitesi
Open Access Color
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Abstract
Kırsal yerleşmeler doğa ile bütünlük içerisinde iklim, bitki örtüsü, topoğrafya, jeomorfolojik yapı ve yerel malzeme özellikleri ile sosyoekonomik ve sosyokültürel unsurlarla harmanlanarak oluşmuş alanlardır. Kültürel peyzaj kavramının bir parçası olan kırsal yerleşimlerin kaybolmakta olan izlerinin koruması, geleneksel kültür mirasının sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlaması gerekmektedir. Bursa İlinin İznik ilçesine bağlı Elbeyli kırsal yerleşim alanı bulunduğu yörenin özelliklerini yansıtan zengin kırsal miras unsurlarına sahiptir. Yerleşimin bir bütün olarak yaşatılması ve gelecek nesillere aktarılması sahip olduğu kırsal doku ve kültürel miras özelliklerinin korunmasıyla mümkündür. Elbeyli kırsal yerleşim alanında geleneksel mimari mirası belgeleme adına herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamış olması, çağdaş yapılaşmanın giderek artması sonucunda geleneksel dokuda fiziksel ve yapısal bozulmaların görülmesi, yerleşimin sahip olduğu kırsal miras değerlerinin geleceğe aktarılabilmesi açısından endişe yaratmaktadır. Elbeyli köyünün kırsal mirasının korunmasına katkıda bulunmak amacıyla yürütülen bu çalışmada öncelikle yerleşmenin tarihsel geçmişi incelenmiştir. 1530 tarihli İcmal Tahrir Defterinde vakıf köyü statüsünde olduğu belirlenmiştir (Kaplanoğlu, 2021, s.156). Köyün İznik merkezi ile olan ilişkisine verilen önem sebebiyle Osmanlı dönemine ait şehir ve kır yerleşim birimi tanımları incelenmiştir. Elbeyli yerleşiminin fiziksel gelişimine ışık tutmak adına kırsal mirası şekillendiren etmenler doğal çevre, ekonomik ve kültürel etkenler başlıkları üzerinden incelenmiştir. Elbeyli Köyü ile ilgili belirlenecek koruma yaklaşımlarına temel oluşturması adına kırsal mirasın korunmasına ilişkin uluslararası ve ulusal yasal düzenlemeler incelenmiştir. Elbeyli kırsal yerleşiminin coğrafi özellikleri tanımlanmış, tarihsel gelişimi ve sosyoekonomik yapısı hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Fiziksel gelişiminin incelenmesinin ardından yerleşim dokusunu oluşturan değerler ortaya konulmuştur. Alanın geleneksel dokusu yerleşim ölçeğinde ve yapı ölçeğinde irdelenmiş, fiziksel gelişim ve mimari dokuya ilişkin tüm veriler Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) veri tabanında ArcGIS Pro programı kullanılarak çeşitli grafik yöntemlerle haritalandırılmıştır. Alanın geleneksel mimarisinde görülen bozulmalar tarihsel çevre niteliğinin bozulması, yapısal ve fiziksel bozulma başlıkları altında değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm bu veriler ışığında İznik Elbeyli köyü kırsal mirasının koruma sorunları ve önerilerini belirlemek amacıyla fiziki çevre, yapısal, sosyokültürel ve ekonomik durumu ele alan Güçlü Yönler, Zayıf Yönler, Fırsatlar ve Tehditler (GZFT) Analizi yapılmıştır. Buradan hareketle alanın korunmasına yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yerleşme, kırsal miras, kırsal mimari, kültürel peyzaj, koruma, geleneksel kültür, İznik, Elbeyli
Rural settlements are areas formed by climate, vegetation, topography, geomorphological structure and local material characteristics with socioeconomic and sociocultural elements in integrity with nature. It is necessary to protect the disappearing traces of rural settlements, which are a part of the concept of cultural landscape, and to ensure the sustainability of traditional cultural heritage. The rural settlement area of Elbeyli, which is connected to the Iznik district of Bursa Province, has rich rural heritage elements that reflect the characteristics of the region where it is located. Keeping the settlement alive as a whole and transferring it to future generations is possible by preserving its rural texture and cultural heritage characteristics. The fact that no work has been done to document the traditional architectural heritage in the rural settlement area of Elbeyli, the physical and structural deteriorations in the traditional texture as a result of the increasing modern construction cause concern in terms of transferring the rural heritage values of the settlement to the future. In this study, which was carried out in order to contribute to the preservation of the rural heritage of the village of Elbeyli, first of all, the historical background of the settlement was examined. In the İcmal Tahrir Defteri dated 1530, it was determined that it had the status of a foundation village (Kaplanoğlu, 2021, p.156). Due to the importance given to the relationship of the village with the center of İznik, the definitions of city and rural settlements belonging to the Ottoman period were examined. In order to shed light on the physical development of the Elbeyli settlement, the factors that shape the rural heritage are examined under the headings of natural environment, economic and cultural factors. In order to form the basis for the conservation approaches to be determined for the Elbeyli Village, international and national legal regulations on the protection of rural heritage have been examined. The geographical features of the rural settlement of Elbeyli were defined, and information was given about its historical development and socioeconomic structure. After examining its physical development, the values that make up the settlement pattern were revealed. The traditional texture of the area was examined at the settlement scale and the building scale, and all the data related to the physical development and architectural texture were mapped in the Geographical Information Systems (GIS) database using ArcGIS Pro program with various graphical methods. The deteriorations in the traditional architecture of the area were evaluated under the titles of deterioration of the historical environment, structural and physical deterioration. In the light of all these data, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis, which deals with the physical environment, structural, socio-cultural and economic situation, was conducted in order to determine the protection problems and suggestions of the rural heritage of Iznik Elbeyli village. Based on this, suggestions have been developed for the protection of the area. Keywords: Settlement, rural heritage, rural architecture, cultural landscape, conservation, traditional culture, İznik, Elbeyli
Rural settlements are areas formed by climate, vegetation, topography, geomorphological structure and local material characteristics with socioeconomic and sociocultural elements in integrity with nature. It is necessary to protect the disappearing traces of rural settlements, which are a part of the concept of cultural landscape, and to ensure the sustainability of traditional cultural heritage. The rural settlement area of Elbeyli, which is connected to the Iznik district of Bursa Province, has rich rural heritage elements that reflect the characteristics of the region where it is located. Keeping the settlement alive as a whole and transferring it to future generations is possible by preserving its rural texture and cultural heritage characteristics. The fact that no work has been done to document the traditional architectural heritage in the rural settlement area of Elbeyli, the physical and structural deteriorations in the traditional texture as a result of the increasing modern construction cause concern in terms of transferring the rural heritage values of the settlement to the future. In this study, which was carried out in order to contribute to the preservation of the rural heritage of the village of Elbeyli, first of all, the historical background of the settlement was examined. In the İcmal Tahrir Defteri dated 1530, it was determined that it had the status of a foundation village (Kaplanoğlu, 2021, p.156). Due to the importance given to the relationship of the village with the center of İznik, the definitions of city and rural settlements belonging to the Ottoman period were examined. In order to shed light on the physical development of the Elbeyli settlement, the factors that shape the rural heritage are examined under the headings of natural environment, economic and cultural factors. In order to form the basis for the conservation approaches to be determined for the Elbeyli Village, international and national legal regulations on the protection of rural heritage have been examined. The geographical features of the rural settlement of Elbeyli were defined, and information was given about its historical development and socioeconomic structure. After examining its physical development, the values that make up the settlement pattern were revealed. The traditional texture of the area was examined at the settlement scale and the building scale, and all the data related to the physical development and architectural texture were mapped in the Geographical Information Systems (GIS) database using ArcGIS Pro program with various graphical methods. The deteriorations in the traditional architecture of the area were evaluated under the titles of deterioration of the historical environment, structural and physical deterioration. In the light of all these data, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis, which deals with the physical environment, structural, socio-cultural and economic situation, was conducted in order to determine the protection problems and suggestions of the rural heritage of Iznik Elbeyli village. Based on this, suggestions have been developed for the protection of the area. Keywords: Settlement, rural heritage, rural architecture, cultural landscape, conservation, traditional culture, İznik, Elbeyli
Description
Keywords
Mimarlık, Architecture
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
1
End Page
504