Duyusal etnografi film hareketi
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Date
2024
Authors
Kartal, Alperen
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
20. YY'da estetik, siyasal ve toplumsal temsil krizleri imge kuramları ve görme biçimleri hakkında üretilen söylevin yeniden üretilmesi için çeşitli arayışlara yol açmıştır. Bu kapsamda, metin-merkezci antropolojinin bir alt türü olarak kabul edilen duyusal etnografi, antropolojinin toplumsal olayları medyada, özellikle de görsel materyaller aracılığıyla, tek tip temsil etme biçimine yanıt olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. İzleyiciyi aşırı farkındalık, şok ve çeşitli optik karmaşa biçimleriyle etkileyen duyusal etnografi, etnografinin duyular açısından yeniden düşünülmesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Duyusal etnografi, yalnızca duyu kategorilerinin incelenmesinden ziyade deneyimlerimizi ifade ederken kullandığımız duyusal deneyim algı ve kategorileri de hesaba katan etnografi yaklaşımlarının tümünü kapsamaktadır. Böylece, antropolojinin belirli bir kültürdeki duyuların araştırılması, sınıflandırılması ve yorumlanması olarak duyularla kurduğu sınırlı ilişkisi, kendini etnografın psikosomatik deneyimini şart koşan çok katmanlı bir ilişkinin modeli olarak özgürleştirmiş ve duyusal etnografi kavramının temellerini atmıştır. Duyusal etnografi bir topluluğu ya da bireyi dışarıdan izlemenin yetersizliğini vurgulayarak, beş duyu aracılığıyla edinilen, özellikle görsel olmayan gözlemlerin de etnografik verilere dahil edilmesinin gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, duyusal etnografi belgeleyen ve belgelenen arasındaki interaktif ilişkinin irdelenmesi sonucunda ortaya çıkan her türlü materyalin mümkün olduğunca az kurgusal müdahale ile estetik bir biçim halinde yeniden sunulması olarak da ifade edilebilmektedir. İlk kez 2006 yılında Harvard Üniversitesi'nde, felsefi yaklaşımının sinematik bir karşılığı olarak antropolog Lucien Castaing-Taylor tarafından kurulan Sensory Etnography Laboratory (SEL), yaşamı insan merkezci optik bir gerçeklikten kaydetmek yerine, farklı anlatım tekniklerini araştırarak farklı bir kozmoloji arayışına girmektedir. Üniversite merkezli ilk etnografi film laboratuvarı olarak faaliyete başlayan SEL, ürettiği görsel-işitsel çalışmalar kapsamında olayları belirli bir özneye göre konumlandırmayı reddederek görüntüleri çoklu referanslara 8 dönüştürmekte ve sinemanın geleneksel sınırlarından kopmaya çalışan etnografik bir film yapım tekniği önermektedir. Yukarıdaki bilgiler ışığında, araştırmanın temel amacı SEL'in Duyusal Etnografi içerisinde verdiği mücadeleden ortaya çıkan görsel pratiğin, daha sonra bağımsız sinemacılar tarafından farkında olarak ya da olmayarak nasıl uygulandığı sorunsalı görsel materyallerin analizleriyle göstermektedir. Söz konusu görsel materyaller bir duyusal etnografik görselin ortaya çıkması için gereken belirli şartları sağlayıp sağlamadığına göre seçilmektedir. Buradan hareketle, araştırma çerçevesinde, henüz tam bir tanıma sahip olmayan, tartışmalı duyusal etnografi film yapısına dair kavramsal bir tartışma gerçekleştirilmesi planlanmaktadır.
In the 20th century, aesthetic, political, and social representation crises, image theories, and calculations have led to various searches due to the discourses produced approximately. In this context, sensory ethnography, accepted as a sub-genre of text- centered anthropology, has emerged as a response to the uniform representation form of anthropology in the media of social events, primarily through visual materials. Sensory ethnography, which affects the audience with extreme awareness, shock, and various optical confusion, is defined as the rethinking of ethnography in terms of the senses. Sensory ethnography encompasses the development of ethnographic approaches that express our experiences rather than only examining sensory experiences while also reporting the perception and categories of sensory experience. Thus, the indirect relationship that anthropology establishes between the senses in a particular culture, as their diversity and interpretation, has liberated itself as a model of a multi-layered history that requires the psychosomatic experience of the ethnographer and has laid the foundations of the concept of sensory ethnography. Sensory ethnography is an example of the ethnographic use of the infrastructure of an orchestra or external viewing, especially non-visual observations obtained through the five senses. In this context, sensory ethnography can also be expressed as the re-circulation of all kinds of materials as comprehensively as possible with minimal staged interventions due to examining the interactive relationships between the documenter and the documented in an aesthetic form. The Sensory Ethnography Laboratory (SEL), established in 2006 at Harvard University by anthropologist Lucien Castaing-Taylor as a cinematic counterpart to the philosophical approach, seeks a different cosmology by investigating different narrative techniques instead of the human-centered optical reality of life. SEL, which started its activities as the first university-based ethnography film laboratory, is an ethnographic film production that tries to break away from the traditional boundaries of cinema by transforming images into multiple references by showing events relatively more than a particular subject within the scope of striking audiovisual studies. The above information plan, the primary purpose of the research, is to reveal the visual practice 10 that emerged from the struggle to print within the Sensory Ethnography of SEL. Then, the creative visual materials that independent filmmakers were aware of or were not involved in were analyzed. The visual materials in question are selected according to certain conditions for the emergence of a sensory ethnographic image. A conceptual discussion is planned within the research framework regarding the various sensory ethnographic film dimensions that still need a full definition.
In the 20th century, aesthetic, political, and social representation crises, image theories, and calculations have led to various searches due to the discourses produced approximately. In this context, sensory ethnography, accepted as a sub-genre of text- centered anthropology, has emerged as a response to the uniform representation form of anthropology in the media of social events, primarily through visual materials. Sensory ethnography, which affects the audience with extreme awareness, shock, and various optical confusion, is defined as the rethinking of ethnography in terms of the senses. Sensory ethnography encompasses the development of ethnographic approaches that express our experiences rather than only examining sensory experiences while also reporting the perception and categories of sensory experience. Thus, the indirect relationship that anthropology establishes between the senses in a particular culture, as their diversity and interpretation, has liberated itself as a model of a multi-layered history that requires the psychosomatic experience of the ethnographer and has laid the foundations of the concept of sensory ethnography. Sensory ethnography is an example of the ethnographic use of the infrastructure of an orchestra or external viewing, especially non-visual observations obtained through the five senses. In this context, sensory ethnography can also be expressed as the re-circulation of all kinds of materials as comprehensively as possible with minimal staged interventions due to examining the interactive relationships between the documenter and the documented in an aesthetic form. The Sensory Ethnography Laboratory (SEL), established in 2006 at Harvard University by anthropologist Lucien Castaing-Taylor as a cinematic counterpart to the philosophical approach, seeks a different cosmology by investigating different narrative techniques instead of the human-centered optical reality of life. SEL, which started its activities as the first university-based ethnography film laboratory, is an ethnographic film production that tries to break away from the traditional boundaries of cinema by transforming images into multiple references by showing events relatively more than a particular subject within the scope of striking audiovisual studies. The above information plan, the primary purpose of the research, is to reveal the visual practice 10 that emerged from the struggle to print within the Sensory Ethnography of SEL. Then, the creative visual materials that independent filmmakers were aware of or were not involved in were analyzed. The visual materials in question are selected according to certain conditions for the emergence of a sensory ethnographic image. A conceptual discussion is planned within the research framework regarding the various sensory ethnographic film dimensions that still need a full definition.
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Antropoloji, Dokümantasyon ve Enformasyon, Radyo-Televizyon, Anthropology, Documentation and Information, Radio and Television
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78