Ekonomi Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://gcris.khas.edu.tr/handle/20.500.12469/57

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Citation Count: 0
Electronic Money in 2000's
(Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2004) Ucal, Meltem Şengün
Para, dünya ekonomilerinin tümü için gerekli bir araçtır. Buna karşın elektronik para da gelişmiş ülkeler için gerekli bir araç haline gelmiştir. Günümüzde internet ortamı yolu ile yapılan finansal hizmetlerdeki muameleler için elektronik para ve elektronik ödeme sistemleri oldukça popülerdir. Elektronik sistemlerde meydana gelen bu değişmeler ekonomik ortamda gerçekleşen perakende satış ödemelerinde geleneksel işlemlerin yanında iki yeni formu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bunlar, bir kişisel bilgisayar ile evden veya işyerinden banka işlemleri yapmak ve elektronik nakit kullanımıdır. Söz konusu muameleler güvene dayalı gerçekleştirilir. Özellikle de teknolojilerin hızla değiştiği 2000’li yılları kat edeken, bu sistemde gerçekleşmesi gereken en önemli unsur elektronik paranın kanunlar çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesidir. Fakat Türkiye elektronik para sistemleri için henüz bir kanuni çerçeve çizmemiştir.
Citation Count: 0
Parametric bootstrap model selection criterion with in linear model compared to other criteria
(INT INST Informatics & Systemics, 2005) Ucal, Meltem Şengün
The most important stage of econometrics estimation is the in model set up. The model set up has the best prediction ability and is therefore suitable for econometrics estimation. Between the dependent variable Y and other independent explanatory variables X must be a strong relationship in econometrics estimation. However all explanatory variables cannot be related to dependent variable Y. This condition creates a regression problem. A similar problem appears in variable selection equivalent to problem in model selection. The most suitable faultless model is provided by correct and suitable selection of variables. There exist many variable/model selection procedures the where the necessary relationship between X and Y is linear
Citation Count: 0
Inflation Targeting Framework: Leading Indicator Variables of Inflation in Turkey
(Çukurova Üniv. Sosyal Bil. Enst., 2005) Alıcı, Aslı; Ucal, Meltem Şengün
Türkiye’de esnek döviz kuru uygulamasına geçilmesinin ardından, para politikasının ne şekilde uygulanacağı sorusu önemini korumaktadır. Yeni bir para politikası uygulaması olarak enflasyon hedeflemesine geçilmesi diğer bir ifade ile nominal çapa olarak belirlenen enflasyon hedefinin kullanılması, uygulamada güvenirlik derecesi yüksek enflasyon tahmin modellerinin oluşturulmasını gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki enflasyon olgusuna ilişkin gösterge değişkenlerin saptanmasına yöneliktir. Enflasyon hedeflemesine geçilebilmesi için gerekli ön koşulların ortaya konulmasının ardından, enflasyon üzerinde belirleyici (gösterge niteliğinde) olan değişkenler, VAR analiziyle belirlenmiştir. VAR modeline karşı yapılan eleştirilere rağmen enflasyon modellemesi için VAR analizinin seçilmesinde, bu analiz tekniğinin yapısal model üzerinde herhangi bir kısıtlama gerektirmeksizin dinamik ilişkileri verebilmesi ve hangi değişkenin içsel hangi değişkenin dışsal olduğuna karar verme zorluğunun yaşanmamasıdır. Enflasyon hedefinin geleceğe yönelik olmasından dolayı tahmin modellerinde ileriye dönük belirleyici nitelikteki değişkenlere büyük ağırlık verilmektedir. Bu çerçevede, çalışma diğer politika araçları ve geliştirilecek yeni enflasyon serileri ile genişletilebilecek belirleyici göstergeler bazında bir ön model çalışması olarak değerlendirilmelidir.
Citation Count: 0
Social foundations of markets money and credit
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2006) Aybar, Sedat
[Abstract Not Available]
Citation Count: 0
A comprehensive analysis of managers working in the Turkish tourism sector
(Cahit AYDEMİR, 2010) Keskin, Ayşe İrem; Güler, Fazıl; Ceylan, Cengiz; Kızıl, Cevdet; Keskin, Ayşe İrem; Buget, Püren
The primary objective of this paper is to determine whether the present managers of Turkish tourism sector perform their jobs in accordance with their qualifications. For this purpose, questionnaires were distributed to managers and responses were evaluated. The secondary purpose of this study is to identify if employees in tourism industry has the required qualifications. Also, if the sector has low efficiency, reasons are investigated. This study uses the survey method. Questionnaires were distributed to 222 managers in the tourism sector, who mainly work in Istanbul and Izmir. 183 managers in accommodation enterprises, 22 managers in travel agencies and 17 managers in food and beverage companies were interviewed face-to-face and questionnaire forms were filled. The survey includes 52 questions that collect information about managers and their organizations. The questionnaires should also test if the managers are in a fitting position and they use their authority properly.
Citation Count: 5
Is Fiscal Policy Sustainable in Turkey?
(M.E Sharpe Inc., 2010) Ucal, Meltem Şengün; Alici, Asli
The issue of the budget deficit has become one of the main themes of the economic policy implemented in Turkey and backed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) following the economic crisis of 2001. The main motivation for this study is the question of whether or not the government's financial policy is sustainable and satisfies the government's long-term budget constraint. The empirical analysis is based on tests of whether government expenditure and revenue are cointegrated considering the economic liberalization period of 1989-2008. The stability of fiscal policy is examined using the Johansen multivariate cointegration method. The findings of the sustainability tests indicate that fiscal policy from the liberalization of the economy up until the 2001 economic crisis was not sustainable.
Citation Count: 40
Relationship Between Financial Crisis And Foreign Direct Investment In Developing Countries Using Semiparametric Regression Approach
(Vilnius Gediminas Tech Univ, 2010) Ucal, Meltem Şengün; Ozcan, Kivilcim Metin; Bilgin, Mehmet Hüseyin; Mungo, Julius
This paper analyzes whether and to what extent the inflow of FDI is affected before and after the occurence of a financial crisis in developing countries. The paper uses a semiparametric Generalized Partial Linear Models (GPLM) regression approach to check the appropriateness and effectiveness of financial crisis in the FDI regression model. The results indicate that FDI inflows decrease in the years after a financial crisis and an upturn in FDI inflows the year before a financial crisis hit the country.
Citation Count: 19
The Repurchase Agreement (Repo) Market
(John Wıley & Sons Ltd, 2011) Acharya, Viral V.; Öncü, T. Sabri
[Abstract Not Available]
Citation Count: 0
Neo-liberal policies and poverty: Effects of policies on poverty and poverty reduction in Turkey
(2011) Öztürk, Murat
[Abstract Not Available]
Citation Count: 2
Bargaining with nonanonymous disagreement: Decomposable rules
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2011) Kıbrıs, Özgür; Tapkı, İpek Gürsel
We analyze bargaining situations where the agents' payoffs from disagreement depend on who among them breaks down the negotiations. We model such problems as a superset of the standard domain of Nash (1950). We first show that this domain extension creates a very large number of new rules. In particular, decomposable rules (which are extensions of rules from the Nash domain) constitute a nowhere dense subset of all possible rules. For them, we analyze the process through which "good" properties of rules on the Nash domain extend to ours. We then enquire whether the counterparts of some well-known results on the Nash (1950) domain continue to hold for decomposable rules on our extended domain. We first show that an extension of the Kalai-Smorodinsky bargaining rule uniquely satisfies the Kalai and Smorodinsky (1975) properties. This uniqueness result, however, turns out to be an exception. We characterize the uncountably large classes of decomposable rules that survive the Nash (1950), Kalai (1977), and Thomson (1981) properties. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 42
The Personality and Leadership Style of Recep Tayyip Erdogan: Implications for Turkish Foreign Policy
(Routledge Journals Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2011) Görener, Aylin; Ucal, Meltem Şengün
Recep Tayyip Erdog. an is clearly the most controversial figure in recent Turkish political history. His preponderance in political life is remarkable even by Turkish standards. Because Erdog. an is so powerful and has effectively weakened most internal checks on his power any attempt to explain Turkey's recent foreign policy outcomes will be seriously lacking without considering his leadership impact. The purpose of this study is to investigate Erdog. an's worldview and leadership style and evaluate their impact on his government's policy processes and outputs. To do that we employ the Leadership Trait Analysis technique to construct the leadership profile of Erdog. an through content analysis of his verbal records while in office. We contend here that our understanding of AKP-era Turkey is enhanced if we offer a systematic and rigorous account of Erdogan's personality and that he presents a clear example of the importance of taking individual-level variables seriously in foreign policy analysis.
Citation Count: 1
Effects of gender on credit card usage among university students in Turkey
(Academic Journals, 2011) Ucal, Meltem Şengün; O'Neil, Mary Lou; Cankaya, Serkan
In recent years much has been written about credit card usage among university students. Despite a vast number of studies little has been written about credit card usage among university students in developing countries. This research surveyed university students in Turkey in an attempt to understand their uses of credit cards. In particular we examined the impact of gender on credit card use. The literature on the impact of gender on credit card usage is a bit unsettled and this study seeks to add another dimension to the research in this area. Using both parametric and nonparametric measures we sought to isolate gender and tested whether or not it affects the ways that young people in Turkey use credit cards. The importance of this research centers on the portrait it provides of credit card usage among young people in a developing country as well as to pointing the factors that may influence future credit card use.
Citation Count: 0
Kalkınma, kapitalizmin mantığı ve eşit olmayan gelişme
(İ.Ü. İktisat Fakültesi Mezunları Cemiyeti, 2011) Orhangazi, Özgür
Kapitalizm, ortaya çıkışından bu yana dünya üzerinde eşit olmayan bir gelişme üretmiştir. İlk başlarda, kapitalizmin ortaya çıktığı bölgeler ve bunların uzantılarıyla dünyanın geri kalanı arasında kurulan ilişkilerin yarattığı eşit olmayan gelişme dinamikleri, sistemin mantığı tarafından sürekli yeniden üretilmektedir. Dünyanın belirli yerlerinde ortaya çıkan iktisadi gelişme, çoğu zaman başka bölgelerde ‘azgelişme’ yaratmaktadır. Gerek 1980 öncesinin devletçi kalkınma politikaları gerekse daha sonra devreye sokulan neoliberal politikalar, ‘azgelişmiş’ ülkelerin ‘gelişmiş’ ülkeler seviyesine ulaşmasını sağlayamamıştır. Gerçek anlamda bir kalkınmadan söz edebilmek için bu piyasacı/devletçi kalkınma ikileminden koparak yeni bir paradigmanın arayışı içerisine girilmesi ve hem iktisadi hem de insani kalkınmanın sermayenin ihtiyaç ve kararlarının insafına bırakılmaması gerekmektedir.
Citation Count: 3
Modeling and forecasting the demand for industrial roundwood in Turkey: A primary econometric approach
(Wfl Publ, 2012) Kayacan, Bekir; Ucal, Meltem Şengün; Öztürk, Atakan; Bali, Ramazan; Koçer, Sacit; Kaplan, Erdem
This study is a primary econometric analysis to explore the factors explaining the changes in industrial roundwood demand in Turkey. The study also includes demand forecasts based on the econometric models proposed herein. We constructed two separate econometric models: one for national demand for domestically-produced saw log, and the other for national demand for domestically-produced non-sawlog industrial roundwood. Models were originally designed in multiplicative form. The original models are then converted into the log-linear form so that the relevant coefficients of the regression equations would immediately reflect the elasticities. Estimation of the model parameters are based on a panel data set of fifteen years (1995-2009) by twenty seven regional forest directorates in the country. In accordance with the maxim of less than the half of the 15 years period of data set, the demand forecasts are made for seven years beyond 2009. In view of the results, the explanatory power of the proposed models can arguably be deemed satisfactory especially considering the lack of earlier studies of this scale and scope. This consequently increases the credibility of the demand projections. Notwithstanding signs of the estimated parameters of the models are for the most part congruent with those expected in light of the economic theory and practice, some intriguing results are obtained. Perhaps most notably, while the sign of the estimated price elasticity of sawlog demand occurred unexpectedly positive, the variation in sawlog demand is explained to a considerable extent by the variation in the price of imported sawlog, hence an expected cross elasticity. Also notable is that the price of imported "fuelwood" holds a positive relationship with the national demand for domestic non-sawlog imdustrial roundwood, which is an expected cross elasticity since virtually all of the imported "fuelwood" is used as raw material for industry (e.g. chip and fiberboard industry). Finally, both models suggest overall boost in demand: yet an upper bound of 4.5 million m(3) for national demand for domestically-produced sawlog, and of 15 million m(3) for national demand for domestically-produced non-sawlog industrial roundwood can be expected by 2016.
Citation Count: 52
Assessing the importance of international tourism for the Turkish economy: a social accounting matrix analysis
(Elsevier Science, 2012) Akkemik, K. Ali; Akkemik, K. Ali
The international tourism sector has grown rapidly in Turkey since the 1980s and Turkey ranks among the top ten countries in terms of tourist arrivals and receipts. Previous studies on international tourism in Turkey are partial equilibrium studies which emphasized the importance of the sector for foreign exchange earnings employment creation and economic growth. The social accounting matrix (SAM) modeling approach is superior to partial equilibrium analysis as it takes into account intersectoral linkages. This paper analyzes the contribution of international tourism to the Turkish economy using two SAMs for 1996 and 2002 respectively. Two analyses are conducted using the SAM impact model: (i) sectoral comparison of GDP elasticities and (ii) SAM impact analysis of international tourism on output value-added and employment. The results show that the GDP elasticity of international tourism is relatively low and the impact of foreign tourist expenditures on domestic production value-added (GDP) and employment in Turkey are modest. The results imply the possibility of leakage of foreign tourist expenditures out of the economy. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 54
Energy consumption-GDP nexus: heterogeneous panel causality analysis
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2012) Akkemik, K. Ali; Göksal, Koray
Existing studies examining the Granger causality relationship between energy consumption and GDP use a panel of countries but implicitly assume that the panels are homogeneous. This paper extends the Granger causality relationship between energy consumption and GDP by taking into account panel heterogeneity. For this purpose we use a large panel of 79 countries for the period 1980-2007. Specifically we examine four different causal relationships: homogeneous non-causality homogeneous causality heterogeneous non-causality and heterogeneous causality. The results show that roughly seven-tenths of the countries exhibit bi-directional Granger causality two-tenths exhibit no Granger causality and one-tenths exhibit unidirectional Granger causality. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 1
Dependence on imported inputs and implications for technology transfer in Turkey
(Springer New York, 2012) Akkemik, K. Ali
Trade and macroeconomic policies in Turkey evolved from import substitution to export promotion and liberalization of commodity and capital markets after 1980. During the 1980s and 1990s Turkey’s exports and imports and their shares in GDP demonstrated an increasing trend. The share of exports in GDP increased from 4.2% in 1980 to 20.3% in 2005 and that of imports rose from 11.4 to 32.2%. Import liberalization was accomplished during the second half of the 1990s and at around the same time direct price support for exports was abolished. © Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2012. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 24
Energy consumption and income in Chinese provinces: heterogeneous panel causality analysis
(Elsevier Science, 2012) Akkemik, K. Ali; Göksal, Koray; Li, Jia
Recently energy production in China fell behind energy consumption. This poses important challenges for the rapidly growing Chinese economy. As a consequence the causal relationship between energy consumption and GDP is an important empirical issue. This paper examines Granger causality between energy consumption and GDP in China using province-level data. The current paper extends the Granger causality analysis employed in previous studies by taking into account panel heterogeneity. Specifically four different causal relationships are examined: homogeneous non-causality (HNC) homogeneous causality (HC) heterogeneous non-causality (HENC) and heterogeneous causality (HEC). HC and HNC hypotheses are rejected for causality in either direction from GDP to energy or from energy to GDP which implies that the panel made up of Chinese provinces is not homogeneous. Then heterogeneous causality tests (HEC ad HENC) are conducted for each province. For the causality running from GDP to energy 19 provinces exhibit HEC and 11 provinces exhibit HENC. For the causality running from energy to GDP 14 provinces exhibit HEC and 16 provinces exhibit HENC. The results suggest that the Chinese government should incorporate a regional perspective while formulating and implementing energy policies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Citation Count: 0
COMPETITION IN BANKING SECTOR
(Güven Plus Grup Danışmanlık A.Ş., 2012) Ekmekçioğlu, Safiye; Korkmaz, Murat; Ceylan, Nesrin; Yahyaoğlu, Güran; Günsel, İrfan
[Abstract Not Available]
Citation Count: 1
Bankaların operasyonel risk yönetimi olgunluk seviyelerinin oryos endeksi ile ölçülmesi ve Basel II kriterlerine göre sermaye yeterlilik oranının hesaplanmasında bir değişken olarak kullanılması
(Marmara Üniversitesi, Sos. Bil. Enst., 2012) Aykın, Hasan
Bu çalışmada, finansal kurumlarca önemi son yıllarda daha iyi anlaşılan ve gittikçe daha da artan operasyonel riskin yönetimi ele alınmış olup, sayısallaştırılması diğer riskler gibi kolay olmayan bu riskler için olgunluk modeli kullanılarak bankalar için “Operasyonel Risk Yönetimi Olgunluk Seviyesi” (ORYOS) endeksi hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı iki noktada toplanmaktadır; bunlardan ilki, hesaplanan bu endeksle bankaların hem kendi hem de sektördeki seviyelerini daha iyi görebilmeleri, eksik noktalarını tespit edip kendilerine hedefler belirleyebilmeleridir. İkinci amaç ise bu endekse bağlı olarak belirlenecek “ORYOS Sermaye Yükümlülük Çarpanı” ile bankaların sermaye yeterlilik standart oranının hesabında bir düzeltme katsayısı olarak bankanın operasyonel risk yönetimi olgunluk seviyesinin dikkate alınmasını sağlayarak temel gösterge, standart yaklaşım ve alternatif standart yaklaşım kullanılarak yapılan sermaye yeterlilik hesabında daha gerçekçi bir ölçüm ortaya koymaktır.

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