Süleymaniye Camii ve Çevresi Dünya Miras Alanı Rekonstrüksiyon Uygulamaların Değerlendirilmesi
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Date
2016
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Kadir Has Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Süleymaniye semti, tarihsel gelişimi açısından farklı medeniyetlerden izler taşıması (Roma, Bizans, Osmanlı ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) ve özellikle Süleymaniye Külliyesi gibi doğu ve batı sanatını etkilemiş eşsiz bir eserin bu alanda yer alması nedeniyle evrensel bir değer olarak, kültürel miras özelliğine sahiptir. Bu sebepledir ki 1985 tarihinde UNESCO Dünya Miras Listesi'ne dâhil edilmiştir Süleymaniye Camii ve Çevresi Dünya Miras Alanı'nın Dünya Miras Listesi'ne dâhil edilmesindeki diğer bir sebebi de Osmanlı dönemi ahşap konut geleneğini yansıtmasıdır. Bu çalışmada Süleymaniye Camii ve Çevresi Dünya Miras Alanı'nda bulunan sivil mimarlık örneklerinin koruma durumları ve rekonstrüksiyon uygulamaları incelenmektedir. Alanın Dünya Miras Listesi'ne girdiği 1985 tarihinde yapılan tespitler alanda 525 ahşap yapının bulunduğu göstermektedir. Zaman içerisinde yasal düzenlemeler sebebiyle alanın sosyal, kültürel ve mimari dokusu tahrip edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, alanda yer alan korunması gerekli kültür varlığı olarak tescilli sivil mimarlık örneği taşınmazdan 266 yapının özgün durumuyla korunamadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu 266 sivil mimarlık örneği yapıdan; 118 tanesinin yıkıldığı, 33 tanesinin yerine niteliksiz yapı ve 85 tanesinin yerine rekonstrüksiyon yapıların inşa edildiği görülmüştür.1 Bu bağlamda Tarihi Yarımada Yönetim Planı'nda (2011) yer alan tespitlerde, alanda 494 adet korunması gerekli kültür varlığı tescilli taşınmazın bulunduğu dikkate alınacak olursa Süleymaniye Camii ve Çevresi Dünya Miras Alanı'nda yer alan sivil mimarlık örneği yapıların yarısından çoğunun özgünlüğünü kaybettiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Süleymaniye Yenileme Alanı (2006) ile sınırları örtüşen Süleymaniye Camii ve Çevresi Dünya Miras Alanı'nda 2863 ve 5366 sayılı yasalar doğrultusunda rekonstrüksiyon önerisi bulunan 256 yapı belirlenmiştir. Bunlardan Süleymaniye Camii ve Çevresi Dünya Miras Alanı sınırlarındaki rekonstrüksiyon (yeniden yapım) müdahale eylemeleri daha detaylı incelenerek koruma kavramları, malzeme, plan özellikleri ve kullanım değerleri bakımından irdelenmiştir.
Süleymaniye District is featured as cultural heritage for being universal value as it contains marks from different civilizations in the history (Rome, Byzantine, Ottoman and Turkey) and especially having the unique Works like Suleymaniye Kulliyesi which is effected the Art of East and West. That's why it is added to UNESCO World's Heritage List in 1985 . One other reason for Suleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings is added to World's Heritage List is that it's reflecting the tradition of wooden housing of Ottoman Period. In this study, protection situation of civil architecture samples in the World's Heritage Area: Süleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings and the reconstruction applications are examined. It's seen that there were 525 wooden buildings in area at the time of it's added to World's Heritage List in 1985. in time, due to legal regulations; social , cultural and architectural structure of the area is destroyed. In this study, it's determined that 266 buildins registered as protection required cultural assets are not being protected as in their genuine state. It's seen that 118 of this 266 civil architectural buildings are burned , 33 of them replaced by non-qualified buildings and 85 of them are replaced by reconstructed buildings .1 In this matter, if it's considered it's stated in the Tarihi Yarımada Yönetim Planı(2011) that there are 494 cultural assets in the area that must be protected, it's established that most of the civil architectural buildings in the Suleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings are lost their genuineness. In the scope of this study 256 buildings are detected that suggested to be re-constructed by 2863 and 5366 numbered laws in the Süleymaniye Renewal Area (2006) and with overlapping boundaries World's Heritage Area : Süleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings. Re-constructions intervention actions in World's Heritage Area : Süleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings are examined more detailed and semtinized in terms of protection subjects, material, plan specs and uses.
Süleymaniye District is featured as cultural heritage for being universal value as it contains marks from different civilizations in the history (Rome, Byzantine, Ottoman and Turkey) and especially having the unique Works like Suleymaniye Kulliyesi which is effected the Art of East and West. That's why it is added to UNESCO World's Heritage List in 1985 . One other reason for Suleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings is added to World's Heritage List is that it's reflecting the tradition of wooden housing of Ottoman Period. In this study, protection situation of civil architecture samples in the World's Heritage Area: Süleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings and the reconstruction applications are examined. It's seen that there were 525 wooden buildings in area at the time of it's added to World's Heritage List in 1985. in time, due to legal regulations; social , cultural and architectural structure of the area is destroyed. In this study, it's determined that 266 buildins registered as protection required cultural assets are not being protected as in their genuine state. It's seen that 118 of this 266 civil architectural buildings are burned , 33 of them replaced by non-qualified buildings and 85 of them are replaced by reconstructed buildings .1 In this matter, if it's considered it's stated in the Tarihi Yarımada Yönetim Planı(2011) that there are 494 cultural assets in the area that must be protected, it's established that most of the civil architectural buildings in the Suleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings are lost their genuineness. In the scope of this study 256 buildings are detected that suggested to be re-constructed by 2863 and 5366 numbered laws in the Süleymaniye Renewal Area (2006) and with overlapping boundaries World's Heritage Area : Süleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings. Re-constructions intervention actions in World's Heritage Area : Süleymaniye Camii and it's Surroundings are examined more detailed and semtinized in terms of protection subjects, material, plan specs and uses.
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Süleymaniye, Kültürel Miras, Doğal Miras, Dünya Miras Listesi, Dünya Miras Alanı, Yenileme Alanı, Rekonstrüksiyon, Sivil Mimarlık Örneği, Cultural Heritage, Natural Heritage, World’s Heritage List, World’s Heritage Area, Renewal Area, Reconstruction, Civil Architecture Samples