Rus-AB İlişkilerinde Stratejik Ortaklıktan Stratejik Depresyona
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Date
2008
Authors
Musaoğlu, Neziha
Özgöker, Celil Uğur
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Millî Savunma Üniversitesi Atatürk Stratejik Araştırmalar Enstitüsü
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Abstract
Doğu Bloku ve SSCB, 1989’dan sonra dağılma sürecine girmesiyle ekonomik ve siyasi
bakımdan zor duruma düşerek AB’nin iktisadi ve mali yardımına muhtaç kalmıştır. Rusya,
1990’dan sonraki on yılda AB ile siyasi ve stratejik ilişkilerinde yumuşak bir çizgi takip etmiştir.
1999’da Putin’in Rusya Devlet Başkanı seçilmesi ve 2000’li yılların başından itibaren başta
doğalgaz ve petrol olmak üzere hammade fiyatlarındaki büyük artış Rusya’nın millî gelirini
muazzam miktarda arttırmıştır. Bunun sonucu Rusya’nın AB’ye karşı izlediği siyasi ve stratejik
ilişkileri de sertleşmiştir. Dünyanın en zengin petrol ve doğalgaz kaynaklarına sahip olan Rusya,
1990’lı yıllarda oluşmuş bütün borçlarını 2000’li yıllarda ödediği gibi elinde de büyük miktarda
dolar döviz rezervi biriktirmiştir. AB’nin ekonomik ve mali yardımına muhtaç olmayan Putin’in
Rusyası eski ekonomik gücüne kavuşunca siyasi ve askerî bakımdan da SSCB’nin eski parlak
günlerine dönme özlemiyle politikalar oluşturmaya başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda AB’nin Kosova’nın
bağımsızlığını tanımasına sert tepki göstermiş, Gürcistan’ın Abhazya ve Güney Osetya
üzerindeki egemenlik iddialarına karşı çıkmış ve Ağustos 2008’de Gürcistan’a askerî müdahelede
bulunmuştur. Ayrıca NATO’nun Ukrayna, Gürcistan ve Azerbaycan gibi Karadeniz ve
Kafkasya ülkeleri ile genişlemesine karşı çıkmakta ve enerji kozunu AB’ye karşı bir silah olarak
kullanmaktadır. Bu politika kapsamında daha önce Rusya ile AB arasında imzalanan Stratejik
Ortaklık ve İşbirliği Anlaşmasını (SOİA) uzatmayı reddetmiş ve kendi ulusal çıkarları
doğrultusnda SOİA’da AB’den önemli değişiklikler talep etmiştir. Böylece 1990’lı yılların
başından sonra Rusya ile AB arasında başlayan Stratejik Ortaklık, 2000’li yılların başında
Stratejik Depresyona dönüşmüş bulunmaktadır.
With the dissolution of the Eastern Block and the USSR, Russia, experiencing grave economic and political diffıculties, has required the economic and financial assistance of the EU. After 1990, in the following decade, Russia followed a soft line in strategic and political relations with the EU. With the election of Putin as the president of the Russian Federation and increase in the prices of commodities, primarily increase in natural gas and crude oil prices has immensely increased the national income of Russia. As a result of this, Russia’s political and strategic policies towards the EU have toughened. In addition to paying off most of her debts from the 1990s, Russia, who is very rich in natural gas and petrol reserves, has accumulated a very large reserve of dollars. Not needing EU’s financial assistance once Russia reached a certain economic strength, Putin has started making policies with hopes of re-living the golden age of the USSR. In this context, Russia has shown a sharp reaction to EU’s recognition of Kosovo’s independence; Georgian claim to sovereignty over the regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia and has carried out military intervention against Georgia in August 2008. Also she objects to NATO enlargement in the Blacksea and Caucasus region with Ukrainian, Azerbaijani and Georgian membership and uses the energy card against the EU as sanction. In the extension of this policy, she has rejected the renewal of the Strategic Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (SPCA) signed with the EU and has requested significant modifications from the EU to the agreement, according to her own interests. Thus the Strategic Partnership initiated between Russia and the EU at the beginning of the 1990s has turned into a Strategic Depression.
With the dissolution of the Eastern Block and the USSR, Russia, experiencing grave economic and political diffıculties, has required the economic and financial assistance of the EU. After 1990, in the following decade, Russia followed a soft line in strategic and political relations with the EU. With the election of Putin as the president of the Russian Federation and increase in the prices of commodities, primarily increase in natural gas and crude oil prices has immensely increased the national income of Russia. As a result of this, Russia’s political and strategic policies towards the EU have toughened. In addition to paying off most of her debts from the 1990s, Russia, who is very rich in natural gas and petrol reserves, has accumulated a very large reserve of dollars. Not needing EU’s financial assistance once Russia reached a certain economic strength, Putin has started making policies with hopes of re-living the golden age of the USSR. In this context, Russia has shown a sharp reaction to EU’s recognition of Kosovo’s independence; Georgian claim to sovereignty over the regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia and has carried out military intervention against Georgia in August 2008. Also she objects to NATO enlargement in the Blacksea and Caucasus region with Ukrainian, Azerbaijani and Georgian membership and uses the energy card against the EU as sanction. In the extension of this policy, she has rejected the renewal of the Strategic Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (SPCA) signed with the EU and has requested significant modifications from the EU to the agreement, according to her own interests. Thus the Strategic Partnership initiated between Russia and the EU at the beginning of the 1990s has turned into a Strategic Depression.
Description
Keywords
Yeni Rus Dış Politikası, AB-Rusya İlişkileri, AB Enerji Politikası, Stratejik Ortaklık ve İşbirliği Anlaşması ( SOİA ), Stratejik Depresyon, New Russian Foreign Policy, EU-Russia Relations, EU Energy Policy, Strategic Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (SPCA, SOİA in Turkish), Strategic Depression
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
1
WoS Q
N/A
Scopus Q
N/A
Source
Volume
4
Issue
8
Start Page
73
End Page
98