FSEK Kapsamına Giren Eserlerin, Sahipleri Tarafından NFT İhracına Konu Edilerek Satılmasının Gelir Vergisi Açısından Analizi
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Date
2024
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
Bu çalışmada; kripto varlık türlerinden biri olan NFT’lerin, fikri mülkiyet alanında bir eseri konu edinmesi ve bu eserin sahibinin, eserinin NFT’sini satmak suretiyle ve/veya eseri üze- rindeki haklarını akıllı sözleşmeler aracılığıyla devretmek suretiyle kazanç elde etmesi du- rumunda, elde edilen bu kazancın gelir vergisi açısından ne şekilde konumlanacağı inceleme konusu edilmiştir. Çalışmada, öncelikli olarak bir eser sahibinin, eserinin yalnızca NFT’sini satma- sı yoluyla elde ettiği kazançlarının, Gelir Vergisi Kanunu’nun 65. maddesi uyarınca serbest mes- lek kazancı teşkil edeceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İkinci olarak, eser sahibinin akıllı sözleşme ara- cılığıyla, NFT’ye konu eseri üzerindeki mali hak- larını devretmeyi amaçlaması durumunda, ilgili akıllı sözleşme yazılı geçerlilik koşuluna uymu- yor olsa dahi, Vergi Usul Kanunu’nun 9/2. mad- desi ve vergi hukukuna egemen olan ekonomik yaklaşım ilkesi uyarınca vergiyi doğuran olayın gerçekleşeceği ve elde edilen hasılatın serbest meslek kazancı olarak nitelendirilebileceği tespi- ti yapılmıştır. Yapılmış olan bu tespitlerin; NFT’le- re ilişkin henüz yasal bir düzenleme yapılmamış olduğundan bahisle, bir kıyas faaliyeti teşkil et- meyeceği savunulmuştur.
This article analyses the income tax implications of the income obtained via the sale of NFTs relating to works, and/or transfer of rights relating to the works concerned, protected by the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works, through smart contracts by individuals owning such works. First, it is argued that income obtained by individuals from the sale of their work via NFTs should be characterised as independent personal services income and submitted to tax under article 65 of the Income Tax Law. Second, it is observed that even though the transfer of rights relating to the work cannot be effectuated in conformity with the form required by the applicable law under smart contracts, the taxable event still occurs in accordance with article 9/2 of the Tax Procedural Law and the substance over form principle. It is asserted that the income obtained from the transfer of such rights should also be characterised as income from independent personal services. Finally, it is maintained that the conclusions reached cannot be interpreted as amounting to a violation of the principle of prohibition of analogy due to the lack of a regulation in the Income Tax Law specifially relating to NFTs.
This article analyses the income tax implications of the income obtained via the sale of NFTs relating to works, and/or transfer of rights relating to the works concerned, protected by the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works, through smart contracts by individuals owning such works. First, it is argued that income obtained by individuals from the sale of their work via NFTs should be characterised as independent personal services income and submitted to tax under article 65 of the Income Tax Law. Second, it is observed that even though the transfer of rights relating to the work cannot be effectuated in conformity with the form required by the applicable law under smart contracts, the taxable event still occurs in accordance with article 9/2 of the Tax Procedural Law and the substance over form principle. It is asserted that the income obtained from the transfer of such rights should also be characterised as income from independent personal services. Finally, it is maintained that the conclusions reached cannot be interpreted as amounting to a violation of the principle of prohibition of analogy due to the lack of a regulation in the Income Tax Law specifially relating to NFTs.
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Keywords
İşletme, İktisat
Fields of Science
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WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Vergi Raporu
Volume
0
Issue
293
Start Page
83
End Page
100
