Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü Koleksiyonu
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Conference Object Citation Count: 0The Russian Policies in the South Caucasus(IOS Press, 2011) Çelikpala, MitatIn the post-2000 period, Russia's relations with the former Soviet geography, or its "near abroad," are dominated by such issues as energy, namely the dependence of the surrounding countries on Russia, changes in the trade patterns and the impact of globalization, the fight with terrorism, entrenched ethnic conflicts, and the enlargement of Western structures including NATO. In this general framework, the Caucasus has had a special importance for Russia due to its geopolitical and strategic position at the crossroads of energy transit lines, the existence of rich energy resources and the complexity of its ethnic structure. This article aims to analyze Russian Federation's Caucasus policy in a comprehensive manner.Book Part Citation Count: 3Energy Security in South East Europe(Palgrave, 2013) Çelikpala, Mitat; Kuznetsov, Alexey V.; Çelikpala, Mitat; Gleason, Gregory[Abstract Not Available]Book Review Citation Count: 0Book Part Citation Count: 1Financial cooperation in ASEAN: An inquiry into its place in East Asian financial regionalism(Taylor and Francis, 2020) Ermeydan, Burcu[Abstract Not Available]Article Citation Count: 5Cultural heritage as status seeking: The international politics of Turkey's restoration wave(Sage Publications Ltd, 2020) Yanık, Lerna K.; Subotic, JelenaThis article explores the relationship between cultural heritage politics and international status-seeking. We advance a two-fold typology of status-seeking that explains why states engage in cultural heritage restoration practices at home and abroad. First, cultural heritage restoration can be an easy way to signal state respect of its multicultural past while providing cover for continuing anti-multicultural policies of the present. States with uncertain, challenged, or liminal international status use cultural heritage projects as a 'standard of civilization' of democracy, displaying themselves on the international stage as worthy of status and respect. Cultural heritage here is used as a strategy for international status affirmation. Second, states may engage in cultural heritage restoration beyond their borders, supporting or directly managing renovation of these sites in order to expand their imagined national cultural, political, and economic domain. Cultural heritage restoration projects here serve as a backdrop for powerful international economic alliances that can be used for status substitution-replacing one status-generating benchmark of 'standard of civilization' with another-economic prosperity. We illustrate these arguments with two recent cases of cultural heritage restoration that involve Turkey: the 'Akdamar' Church in Van, Turkey and the Tomb of Gul Baba in Budapest, Hungary.Article Citation Count: 3The Perceptual Shock of Qatar Foreign Policy in 2017 Crisis: Systemic Factors, Regional Struggles Versus Domestic Variables(Sage Publications Inc, 2020) Muslu-El Berni, HazalThe Qatar crisis of June 2017 commenced without a warning and restored overlooked regional security dynamics to the state, the political elite, and the Qatari society at large. Qatar was cautious about the diversions of its foreign policy from regional security perceptions of its neighbors, even before the crisis, despite its failure to predict imminent political consequences, emerging from some states within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). In the aftermath of the crisis, critical narratives of the neighboring states on Qatar's independent policies intimidated at the top leadership level and necessitates an analysis of the crisis, navigating through domestic settings facing systemic and regional pressures. This article aims to analyze the impact of the crisis on the perceptions of Qatari decision-makers, its society, and its tribes using the "perceptual shock" concept of neoclassical realism. It contends that despite the ongoing regional isolation of Qatar by the Saudi-led quartet, comprising Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Egypt, Qatar's state apparatus and its relations with the society continued to strengthen due to the complex relationship between the domestic variables and systemic factors, and their relation to regional dynamics.Article Citation Count: 3NATO's Evolution and Turkey's Contribution to the Transatlantic Security(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2015) Güvenç, SerhatTurkey has been member of NATO for more than six decades. Turkey's contributions to NATO's collective defense have evolved in quantity and quality in step with changes in the ends and means of security. In terms of its contributions to the alliance, two elements of continued stand out. The first one is Turkey's location. Its proximity to zones of risks and threats in NATO's assessments has turned Turkey into an asset. The other element is Turkey's ability to raise and maintain a large army at a relatively low cost. This has been considered Turkey's "competitive edge" in NATO. Its real estate value and its large army constituted the two main pillars of Turkey's contribution to NATO during the Cold War. Turkey has shifted its emphasis away from quantity to quality to meet NATO's evolving requirements for post-Cold War out-of-area collective security missions. Nevetheless, Turkey's real estate value has come a full circle for the alliance with Ankara's decision to host an radar site as part of NATO's Anti-Ballistic Missile Defense System.Article Citation Count: 2Revisiting the Mainstream Approaches of the Theories of International Relations(Uluslararası İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2015) Aydın, Mustafa; Acikmese Akgul, SinemThe view that we have reached the end of the "grand debates" in International Relations (IR) is widespread among the majority of IR scholars. Today, we observe that the references to the great theoretical debates in the prominent journals of IR have significantly diminished and that the most relevant debates have been among the scholars belonging to the same school specifically over empirical studies rather than between theories/paradigms. 'this paper, by revealing the challenges generated by the "grand debates" and the discussions on whether or not there will a return to the "grand debates", incorporates some ideas on the current status as well as the future of IR in Turkey and the world. Taking from this point, this paper has been prepared as an introductory article to this special issue which has been compiled in order to remind the readers on the mainstream theories of IR that have been subject to the "grand debates" and that will shape the future discussions on the state of the IR theory.Article Citation Count: 8Russian and Turkish foreign policy activism in the Syrian theater(International Relations Council of Turkey, 2019) Çelikpala, Mitat; Çelikpala, MitatRussia and Turkey have been involved in remarkable redefinitions of their foreign policies while navigating through turbulent times in the Post-Cold War era. This has manifested in a search of being recognized as a great power. The tragic civil war in Syria has been the theatre of these ambitions of these two states in highly controversial ways. They have been on the opposite sides until recently on the essential question of the regime change in that country. The risk of a direct fight has even been observed when Turkish air force got a Russian jet down. However, a rapid rapprochement started due to Turkish priority shift from the regime change to the prevention of Kurdish autonomy and the alienation from US; and Russian enthusiasm to get the cooperation of an ardent anti-regime NATO member like Turkey. It can be said that Russia and Turkey have been more process-oriented than result-oriented because they have been compelled to see the limits of their power and influence. As a result, they seem to prefer to focus on the process since they seem to reach their primary objective of showing their salience. All in all, one can only hope for a peaceful and democratic life for Syrians whom tremendously suffered also as a result of an imbroglio of all these global and regional powers’ policies.Article Citation Count: 1Sway on a tightrope: The development of a mutualistic relationship between Turkey and DAESH(International Relations Council of Turkey, 2019) Bıçakcı, SalihThe Arab revolts have changed the regional balances. Syria is one of the particular examples of these changes. The shifting balances also presented ideal ground for the identities that have been suppressed throughout years. In addition to Al-Qaedah, new version of jihadism appeared at the stage which is known as Daesh. In this research, one intends to comprehend Turkey’s interaction with Daesh in the context of Syrian Civil War to shed light on the evolution of the global jihadism. Ankara has perceived Syria problem at first an opportunity to establish its domination over Syria later it turned into the web of entanglement relations which has changed Turkey’s a century long standing policy in the Middle East and initiated sets of reactive policies to handle the short term problems. The US and Russia agreed to suppress Daesh with the collaboration of various local groups. However, Daesh is far beyond being just a terrorist organization but a new version of the jihadist ideology which holds the remanences of prior jihadist groups.Book Part Citation Count: 2Geopolitics and gas-transit security through pipelines(Springer International Publishing, 2020) Aydın, Mustafa; Bowlus, John V.; Aydın, MustafaHydrocarbons are valuable only if they can be transited from where they are produced to where they are consumed. Despite the enduring importance of transit to the global energy system, the topic did not begin to be extensively analyzed until contentious relations between Russia and Ukraine disrupted natural gas flows to Europe in 2006. This chapter examines the geopolitics and security of transiting gas through pipelines by exploring the connection between geography, global energy strategies, and natural gas markets. Gas has grown in recent years as a percentage of global energy consumption and is helping the world transition to a cleaner energy regime. At the same time, it is intensifying the contest for and control of gas-transit routes. Russia, the world’s second-largest producer, has built new pipelines to Europe since 2006 in order to diversify its flow from relying on Ukraine, while the USA, the world’s largest gas producer, is increasingly exporting liquefied natural gas (LNG) through sea routes mostly controlled by the US navy. We argue that geostrategic calculations will more profoundly affect gas transit in the future and that countries that rely solely on market or commercial factors for their gas-transit security will become increasingly vulnerable to geopolitical volatility.Other Citation Count: 0Losing an Enemy: Obama, Iran and the Triumph of Diplomacy(Sage Publications Inc, 2018) Muslu-El Berni, Hazal[Abstract Not Available]Article Citation Count: 2THE LOGIC OF SECRECY: DIGITAL SURVEILLANCE IN TURKEY AND RUSSIA(Turkish Policy Quarterly, 2018) Ünver, Hamid AkınTurkey and Russia have been developing comparable approaches to digital surveillance. The advent of Internet Communication Technologies (ICTs) and social media platforms have enabled significantly increased systematic state surveillance. From the state's perspective, data-centric digital surveillance is required for two reasons. First, the extent and depth at which terrorist organizations and criminal groups use these platforms for recruitment, logistics, and planning. Second, this trend is driven by a variant of "security dilemma" in which one state's intelligence advantage in digital space renders other states relatively less secure, generating a never-ending momentum of digital surveillance capability investment. Turkish and Russian surveillance regimes have grown as two particularly problematic cases in the wider surveillance literature.Book Review Citation Count: 0Varieties of Capitalism in Southeast Asia(Savez Ekonomista Vojvodine, 2019) Karaoğuz, Hüseyin Emrah[Abstract Not Available]Article Citation Count: 4The Education of International Relations in Turkey and Orientalism: A Critical Pedagogical Approach to the Discipline(Uluslararasi İlişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2019) Ongur, Hakan Övünç; Gürbüz, Selman EmreUsing a qualitative discourse analysis, this article aims at introducing the sub-discipline of Critical Pedagogy (CP) to the studies of International Relations (IR), incorporating the orientalist text analysis into CP and arguing over the orientalist texture of the undergraduate education of IR in Turkey. It is argued here that due to the Western-centrism of CP studies, they 'forget' to bring into question the orientalist tone of the standardized Western curricula, next to the main discussions of academic capitalism and neoliberal instrumentalization of education. Making an investigation of the curricula and the fundamental reading materials over ten selected IR programmes in Turkey, this article both recalls this need of orientalist inquiry in CP studies and provides a fresh perspective for the scholarly analysis of the IR education in Turkey. The findings suggest a non-critical reproduction of the Western literature for the Turkish IR as well as a continuation, if not reinforcement, of this literature by the Turkish-speaking academia. As a result, it is argued here that the orientalist subtext of concepts, including radical Islam, Jihadism, fundamentalism, Islamic terror, the Third World, underdevelopment, etc., has become a part of the IR literature in Turkey.Article Citation Count: 0International Relations in Turkey: An Evaluation on the Findings of TRIP 2018(Uluslararası Ilişkiler Konseyi Derneği, 2019) Aydın, Mustafa; Dizdaroğlu, CihanIn parallel with the worldwide studies focusing on the International Relations (IR) discipline, there have been works looking into the transformation of the IR discipline in Turkey and its contribution to the global knowledge production. In order to provide sound data for these studies, International Relations Council of Turkey (IRCT) conducted two surveys among the Turkish IR academics in 2007 and 2009, and have been cooperating with the Institute for the Theory and Practice of International Relations at the College of William and Mary since then on the Teaching, Research and International Policy (TRIP) project. The TRIP surveys that aim to understand the epistemological and ontological limits, autonomous character of the IR discipline as well as the theoretical, metodological and pedagocial approaches in which IR scholars used in their teaching and research activities, also help to comprehend the place of the Turkish IR scholars within the global IR discipline. This paper presents Turkey-related findings of the lastest survey, which was simultaneously conducted in 35 different countries between February and July 2018.Article Citation Count: 0POST-HEGEMONIC (DIS)ORDER AND REGIIONAL BALANCING STRATEGIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST(Univ Complutense Madrid, 2019) Ifantis, KostasFollowing the so-called Arab Spring, the strategic situation in the Middle East has been one of disorder. A series of critical, complex and interrelated security failures have resulted in chaos and bloodshed unprecedented even for a region with Middle East's history and legacy. The demand for intervention has been high but the response has been very low. In such an unchartered and rapidly deteriorating regional security setting, this paper argues that the conspicuous absence of US hegemonic engagement has allowed for the return to overt regional balance of power strategies and proxy conflicts. Our hypothesis is that a regional balance of power and the resulting order (or disorder) heavily depends on the type of great power regional engagement. In such a context, the "hands off" or non-hegemonic approach that characterizes US strategy since the Arab Spring eruption has heavily contributed to a highly disorderly regional balance of power landscape. In the absence of US hegemonic involvement, revisionist threats emerge and local rivalries intensify.Book Part Citation Count: 0Article Citation Count: 3Turkey's rapprochements with Greece and Armenia: Understanding path breaking steps(Routledge Journals, 2019) Çelikpala, Mitat; Çelikpala, MitatThis comparative analysis considers the Turkish-Greek rapprochement and the Turkish-Armenian rapprochement processes with a three-dimensional approach. Although the deep-rooted conflicts between neither Greece and Turkey nor Armenia and Turkey were resolved via these processes, the bilateral relationships between the countries have significantly differed. This paper argues that two key main reasons lie behind this difference: the nature of the initiatives taken during the two processes and the influence of external actors on the course of the bilateral relations between Turkey and Greece, on the one hand, and Turkey and Armenia on the other hand.Article Citation Count: 2Revisiting the Britain-US-Turkey triangle during the transition from Pax Britannica to Pax Americana (1947-1957)(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francıs Ltd, 2020) Güvenç, Serhat; Yılmaz, Şuhnaz; Güvenç, SerhatThis article analyses the triangular relations between Britain, the United States and Turkey in the volatile Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean region at the advent of the Cold War. It examines the political, economic and military strategies that enabled Turkey to adapt to the transitional period from the Pax Britannica to the Pax Americana (1947-1957) in the Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean. By focusing on this turbulent decade extending from the Truman Doctrine (1947) to the Eisenhower Doctrine (1957), this study posits that the transition from the waning influence of Britain to the coalitional hegemony of the United States was protracted and multi-layered. In this context, Turkey had to walk a diplomatic tightrope while managing certain aspects of continuity and change in a volatile region.
