Psikoloji Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12469/60

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Citation - WoS: 145
Citation - Scopus: 145
Psychological Correlates of Covid-19 Conspiracy Beliefs and Preventive Measures: Evidence From Turkey
(Springer, 2020) Alper, Sinan; Bayrak, Fatih; Yılmaz, Onurcan
COVID-19 pandemic has led to popular conspiracy theories regarding its origins and widespread concern over the level of compliance with preventive measures. In the current preregistered research, we recruited 1088 Turkish participants and investigated (a) individual differences associated with COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs; (2) whether such conspiracy beliefs are related to the level of preventive measures; and (3) other individual differences that might be related to the preventive measures. Higher faith in intuition, uncertainty avoidance, impulsivity, generic conspiracy beliefs, religiosity, and right-wing ideology, and a lower level of cognitive reflection were associated with a higher level of belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories. There was no association between COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and preventive measures while perceived risk was positively and impulsivity negatively correlated with preventive measures. We discuss the implications and directions for future research.
Citation - WoS: 21
Citation - Scopus: 24
How People Can Become Persuaded by Weak Messages Presented by Credible Communicators: Not All Sleeper Effects Are Created Equal
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2017) Albarracin, Dolores; Kumkale, Gökçe Tarcan; Vento, Patrick Poyner-Del
The sleeper effect has been proposed to describe temporal changes in persuasion for messages associated with noncredible sources. The present research introduces a new kind of sleeper effect denoting increases in persuasion for weak messages associated with credible sources. This effect of the source was hypothesized to derive from attending to the message source rather than the message arguments and reconstructing delayed attitudes primarily on the basis of the source information. Findings from three experiments revealed that when the focus of attention was the communicator there was a sleeper effect for the source. Specifically during the time between an immediate follow up and a delayed follow up persuasion increased when credible sources presented weak arguments. In contrast when the focus of attention was the message arguments a traditional sleeper effect emerged. That is persuasion increased when strong arguments were presented by a noncredible communicator. These effects were mediated by relative recall of arguments versus source attributes and replicated with different message topics and lengths of delay. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc.
Citation - Scopus: 3
Longitudinal Effects of Second Language on First Language Narrative Skills and Executive Functions of Preschool Children
(Selcuk University, 2020) Aktan Erciyes, Aslı
The present study investigated the longitudinal effects of early exposure to L2-English on L1-Turkish language competence, narrative skills and executive functioning. We asked whether early immersion-like exposure to L2, starting around 3 years of age, would have reflections on L1 competence, L1 narrative skills and gains in cognitive flexibility. Thirty 4-year-olds attending two types of preschools participated in the study: L1-preschools (N=12) with Turkish instruction and L2-preschools (N=18) where children were exposed only to English (6 hrs) throughout the day. Children were initially tested at time 1 (T1) at age 4 and at time 2 (T2), a year later when they were 5. At T1, results revealed that children attending L2-preschools displayed no differences in executive functions performance compared to children in L1-preschools. Likewise, there were no differences for L1 competence as well as L1 narrative skills. At T2, however, for L1 narrative skills, children attending L1-preschools displayed significantly higher performance compared to peers in L2-preschools. For executive functioning again there were no differences between the participants. The differences in narrative competence at T2 might indicate that children in L2-preschools lack sufficient input in story telling in L1 to support narrative competence. For future consideration how literacy acquisition would interact with the effects of L2 exposure should also be investigated.
Citation - WoS: 26
Citation - Scopus: 26
Representing the Collective Past: Public Event Memories and Future Simulations in Turkey
(Routledge, 2020) Öner, Sezin; Gülgöz, Sami
Common processes involved in remembering and predicting personal and public events have led researchers to study public events as a part of autobiographical memory. In the present study, we asked for past events and future predictions and examined the temporal distribution and factors that made these salient in event representations. A sample of 1577 individuals reported six most important public events since their birth and six future events that they expected. Past events mostly came from the recent past and were negative in valence. Similarly, future predictions consisted of negative events that are expected to occur in the near past. We did not find a reminiscence bump but there was a strong recency effect. Despite being inconsistent with some literature, this supports the view that remembering the past is largely influenced by the current goals and experiences. Also, in predicting what is remembered from the past and what is expected in the future, what individuals believed others would report appeared as a robust predictor.
Citation - WoS: 31
Citation - Scopus: 43
Acculturation Attitudes and Social Adjustment in British South Asian Children: a Longitudinal Study
(Sage Publications Inc, 2013) Brown, Rupert; Baysu, Gülseli; Cameron, Lindsey; Nigbur, Dennis; Rutland, Adam; Watters, Charles; Hossain, Rosa; LeTouze, Dominique; Landau, Anick
A 1-year longitudinal study with three testing points was conducted with 215 British Asian children aged 5 to 11 years to test hypotheses from Berry's acculturation framework. Using age-appropriate measures of acculturation attitudes and psychosocial outcomes it was found that (a) children generally favored an integrationist attitude and this was more pronounced among older (8-10 years) than in younger (5-7 years) children and (b) temporal changes in social self-esteem and peer acceptance were associated with different acculturation attitudes held initially as shown by latent growth curve analyses. However a supplementary time-lagged regression analysis revealed that children's earlier integrationist attitudes may be associated with more emotional symptoms (based on teachers' ratings) 6 months later. The implications of these different outcomes of children's acculturation attitudes are discussed.
Psikoloji ve Açık Bilim
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, 2022) Gökçe, Ahu; Akirmak, Umit; Cem Tüzün
Bu kitap yaklaşık son on yıldır var olan, üzerinde daha fazla düşünülerek evirilmiş ve gelişen teknolojinin desteğini de alarak daha önce var olmayan birçok imkân sunan açık bilim pratikleri üzerine yazılmıştır. Açık bilim ve pratikleri birçok araştırmacı tarafından bilinmemektedir ve tecrübeli araştırmacılara dahi yabancı bir kavram olabilmektedir. Açık bilim prensiplerini teorik olarak bilen ama nasıl uygulanacağı konusunda tereddütte olan araştırmacılar da vardır ki çok kısa bir geçmişi olan bir kavram olduğu düşünüldüğünde bu pek şaşırtıcı değildir. Bu kitabı yazma amacımız açık bilim prensip ve uygulamalarını hem teorik hem de pratik olarak tanıtmak ve bu sayede araştırmacıların kendi bilimsel araştırmalarında bu pratiklerden faydalanmasını sağlamaktır. Bu kitap yüksek lisans ve üzeri eğitim almış tüm araştırmacıların faydalanabileceği bir kaynaktır.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 2
Post-Donation Evaluation of Life of Donors of Liver Transplantation
(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Krespi-Boothby, Margörit Rita; Tankurt, Aslı; Acarlı, Koray; Yankol, Yücel; Kalayoğlu, Münci; Kanmaz, Turan
Aim: Liver transplantation from living donors affects not only recipients' but also donors' lives. The aim of this study was to explore living donors' experience of life. Methods: The sample consisted of 16 living donors who donated a part of their liver to a patient who had end-stage liver failure. Anonymised interview transcripts were analyzed following established conventions. Results: The analysis showed that participants evaluated their life in terms of limitations brought by organ donation surgery awareness of the need for lifestyle changes emotional changes changes in character and mixed relationships. Emotional changes involved the experience of both negative and positive emotions (feeling reputable feeling like being born again). Changes in character included both worsening of character (becoming half human turning into an aggressive person) and positive changes in character (becoming more of a believer and a humanist). Mixed relationships included feeling supported by loved ones and doctors reduction of burden of care formation of a special bond not feeling supported by potential supporters like mothers or spouses and worsening of close relationships. Conclusions: Some findings (experience of negative emotions lack of support from others) could be interpreted in terms of existing psychological theory. Other findings (worsening aspects of character experience of positive emotions improvement in aspects of character formation of a special bond worsening of close relationships) extended the literature and could be viewed as targets for educational programs for donors.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 6
Cultural Differences in Performance on Eriksen's Flanker Task
(Springer, 2020) Gutchess, Angela; Ksander, John; Millar, Peter R.; Arslan Uzundağ, Berna; Sekuler, Robert; Boduroğlu, Ayşecan
Eriksen's zoom model of attention implies a trade-off between the breadth and resolution of representations of information. Following this perspective, we used Eriksen's flanker task to investigate culture's influence on attentional allocation and attentional resolution. In Experiment1, the spatial distance of the flankers was varied to test whether people from Eastern cultures (here, Turks) experienced more interference than people from Western cultures (here, Americans) when flankers were further from the target. In Experiment2, the contrast of the flankers was varied. The pattern of results shows that congruency of the flankers (Experiment1) as well as the degree of contrast of the flankers compared with the target (Experiment2) interact with participants' cultural background to differentially influence accuracy or reaction times. In addition, we used evidence accumulation modeling to jointly consider measures of speed and accuracy. Results indicate that to make decisions in the Eriksen flanker task, Turks both accumulate evidence faster and require more evidence than Americans do. These cultural differences in visual attention and decision-making have implications for a wide variety of cognitive processes.
Citation - WoS: 18
Citation - Scopus: 15
Identifying City Differences in Perceived Group Discrimination Among Second-Generation Turks and Moroccans in Belgium
(Routledge Journals Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Alanya, Ahu; Baysu, Gülseli; Swyngedouw, Marc
This study investigates the effects of city context on the levels and predictors of perceived group discrimination (GD) among Turkish and Moroccan second-generation immigrants in Belgium. Based on the Integration of the European Second-generation (TIES) data we address two main questions: (1) Are there significant differences in the levels of perceived GD between the two cities in Belgium (Antwerp and Brussels) within each immigrant group? (2) Who perceives more GD within each city? To answer these questions possible composition effects should be controlled. Accordingly we use propensity-score matching to make second-generation immigrant samples from the two cities reasonably comparable with respect to socio-demographic characteristics. Concerning the first research question we find that after propensity-score matching the Turkish second-generation perceive more GD in Antwerp than in Brussels. For the Moroccan group however the city differences in perceived GD are no longer significant after matching. With regards to the second research question we find that those who are more socio-economically integrated and those who perceive more threat in their city are more likely to perceive GD.
Citation - WoS: 23
Citation - Scopus: 25
Secondhand Smoke in Waterpipe Tobacco Venues in Istanbul Moscow and Cairo
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2019) Moon, Katherine A.; Magid, Hoda; Torrey, Christine; Rule, Ana M.; Ferguson, Jacqueline; Susan, Jolie; Sun, Zhuolu; Abubaker, Salahaddin; Levshin, Vladimir; Çarkoğlu, Aslı; Radwan, Ghada Nasr; El-Rabbat, Maha; Cohen, Joanna E.; Strickland, Paul; Navas-Acien, Ana; Breysse, Patrick N.
Objective: The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking has risen in recent decades. Controlled studies suggest that waterpipe secondhand smoke (SHS) contains similar or greater quantities of toxicants than cigarette SHS which causes significant morbidity and mortality. Few studies have examined SHS from waterpipe tobacco in real-world settings. The purpose of this study was to quantify SHS exposure levels and describe the characteristics of waterpipe tobacco venues. Methods: In 2012-2014 we conducted cross-sectional surveys of 46 waterpipe tobacco venues (9 in Istanbul 17 in Moscow and 20 in Cairo). We administered venue questionnaires conducted venue observations and sampled indoor air particulate matter (PM2.5) (N=35) carbon monoxide (CO) (N=23) particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (p-PAHs) (N=31) 4-methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridy1)-1-butanone (NNK) (N-43) and air nicotine (N=46). Results: Venue characteristics and SHS concentrations were highly variable within and between cities. Overall we observed a mean (standard deviation (SD)) of 5 (5) waterpipe smokers and 5 (3) cigarette smokers per venue. The overall median (25th percentile 75th percentile) of venue mean air concentrations was 136 (82 213) mu/m(3) for PM2.5 3.9 (1.7 22) ppm for CO 68 (33 121) ng/m(3) for p-PAHs 1.0 (0.5 1.9) ng/m(3) for NNK and 5.3 (0.7 14) mu g/m(3) for nicotine. PM2.5 CO and p-PAHs concentrations were generally higher in venues with more waterpipe smokers and cigarette smokers although associations were not statistically significant. Conclusion: High concentrations of SHS constituents known to cause health effects indicate that indoor air quality in waterpipe tobacco venues may adversely affect the health of employees and customers. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 15
Citation - Scopus: 17
Biomarkers of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Waterpipe Tobacco Venue Employees in Istanbul Moscow and Cairo
(Oxford University Press, 2018) Moon, Katherine A.; Rule, Ana M.; Magid, Hoda; Ferguson, Jacqueline; Susan, Jolie; Sun, Zhuolu; Torrey, Christine; Abubaker, Salahaddin; Levshin, Vladimir; Çarkoğlu, Aslı; Radwan, Ghada Nasr; El-Rabbat, Maha; Cohen, Joanna E.; Strickland, Paul; Breysse, Patrick N.; Navas-Acien, Ana
Background: Most smoke-free legislation to reduce secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure exempts waterpipe (hookah) smoking venues. Few studies have examined SHS exposure in waterpipe venues and their employees. Methods: We surveyed 276 employees of 46 waterpipe tobacco venues in Istanbul Moscow and Cairo. We interviewed venue managers and employees and collected biological samples from employees to measure exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) hair nicotine saliva cotinine urine cotinine urine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and urine 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide (1-OHPG). We estimated adjusted geometric mean ratios (GMR) of each SHS biomarker by employee characteristics and indoor air SHS measures. Results: There were 73 nonsmoking employees and 203 current smokers of cigarettes or waterpipe. In nonsmokers the median (interquartile) range concentrations of SHS biomarkers were 1.1 (0.2 40.9) mu g/g creatinine urine cotinine 5.5 (2 15) ng/mL saliva cotinine 0.95 (0.36 5.02) ng/mg hair nicotine 1.48 (0.98 3.97) pg/mg creatinine urine NNAL 0.54 (0.25 0.97) pmol/mg creatinine urine 1-OHPG and 1.67 (1.33 2.33) ppm exhaled CO. An 8-hour increase in work hours was associated with higher urine cotinine (GMR: 1.68 95% CI: 1.20 2.37) and hair nicotine (GMR: 1.22 95% CI: 1.05 1.43). Lighting waterpipes was associated with higher saliva cotinine (GMR: 2.83 95% CI: 1.05 7.62). Conclusions: Nonsmoking employees of waterpipe tobacco venues were exposed to high levels of SHS including measurable levels of carcinogenic biomarkers (tobacco-specific nitrosamines and PAHs).
Citation - WoS: 1
Effects of Second Language Acquisition on Narrative Structure and Linguistic Processes in Preschool and School-Aged Children
(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2019) Aktan-Erciyes, Aslı
This research examines the effects of second language acquisition in early childhood on the structural and linguistic properties of narrative skills in the child's native language. To investigate these questions, narrative and vocabulary skills in monolingual and bilingual children (Frog story) were evaluated. One hundred and twelve five- and seven-year-old monolingual (Language 1 [L1]: Mother tongue, Turkish) (N = 61) and bilingual (L1, Turkish; Language 2 [L2]: Second language, English) (N = 51) children participated in the study. Narrative skills were evaluated only for Turkish for monolingual children, whereas bilingual children were tested in English as well, the latter test taking place on a separate day. For the structural evaluation of narrative discourse, a schema is used to evaluate the narrative skills of bilingual children. The elements in the schema are: Frog story elements, sequence, perspective / emotion and affect, and finally engagement. In order to evaluate the linguistic complexity simple and complex clauses were coded. The percentage of complex clauses with respect to total clauses was used as an indication of linguistic complexity. There were two age groups in the monolingual and bilingual groups. The findings revealed that in L1: Turkish, bilingual and monolingual children differed for narrative structure components regardless of age group. Monolinguals outperformed their bilingual peers for frog story elements, sequence, perspective affect, and engagement. Age differences indicated that for five-year-olds there were no differences between monolinguals and bilinguals for perspective affect and engagement which were difficult skills to display at that age. Monolingual children were better at incorporating more complex structures into their narratives compared to bilinguals. It was found that bilingual and monolingual children did not differ in L1 vocabulary skills. The results showed that early exposure to L2 might result in negative outcomes for L1 narrative development.
Beliefs of Donors About Liver Failure and Transplantation Surgery
(Elsevier France-Editions Scientifiques Medicales Elsevier, 2015) Krespi-Boothby, Margörit Rita; Tankurt, A.; Acarlı, Koray; Kalayoğlu, Murat; Kanmaz, Turan
[Abstract Not Available]
Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 13
Evaluation of Secondhand Smoke Using Pm2.5 and Observations in a Random Stratified Sample in Hospitality Venues From 12 Cities
(MDPI, 2019) Kaplan, Bekir; Çarkoğlu, Aslı; Ergör, Gül; Hayran, Mutlu; Sureda, Xisca; Cohen, Joanna E.; Navas-Acien, Ana
Background: Turkey passed a law banning smoking in all indoor public places in 2008. In response to the indoor smoking restriction many smokers may have relocated to outdoor areas of venues. The aim of this study was to evaluate air pollution related to SHS exposure in indoor and outdoor areas of hospitality venues in 12 cities in Turkey. Method: In this cross-sectional study we evaluated hospitality venues in 12 cities in Turkey. In each visited venue we evaluated a pre-specified number of study locations such as the outdoor area of the main entrance indoor areas and patios or other outdoor dining areas completely or partially covered with window walls. We measured particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in those areas. Results: The fieldworkers visited 72 randomly selected hospitality venues and measured PM2.5 concentrations in 165 different locations (indoor outdoor and patios) of those venues. Overall 2573 people were observed 909 of them smoking. The median (IQR) PM2.5 concentrations were 95 (39-229) g/m(3) indoors 25 (13-48) g/m(3) outdoors and 31 g/m(3) (16-62) in the patios (p < 0.001). After adjustment each additional smoker was associated with a 2% increase in PM2.5 concentrations in patio air (GMR (95% CI): 1.02 (1.00 1.05) and a 4% increase in indoor air (GMR (95% CI): 1.04 (1.02 1.05). Conclusions: There were unhealthy levels of smoking-caused PM2.5 concentrations not only indoors but also in the patios of hospitality venues. Legislative efforts to expand the smoke-free legislation to outdoor areas adjacent to indoor public places and an action plan to increase compliance with the smoke-free policy are urgently needed in Turkey.
Citation - WoS: 1
Toplumsal Olaylara Dair Episodik ve Semantik Bellek Süreçlerinin Heyecanlanma Düzeyi ile İlişkisinin Yaş ve Heyecanın Ölçüm Türü Açısından İncelenmesi
(Istanbul Univ, 2020) Ece, Berivan; Öner, Sezin; Gulgoz, Sami
The major aims of the study were to investigate (1) the potential differences in arousal levels for episodic (EM) and semantic memory (SM) processes regarding public events and the comparison of these differences for different age groups, (2) the consistency of self-report versus objective measures of arousal, and (3) phenomenological characteristics of the events as function of memory type and arousal level. The sample consisted of 32 young adults whose ages ranged between 18 and 25 years (M = 20.60, SD = 2.22), 33 middle-aged adults aged between 40 and 55 years (M = 47.32, SD = 6.60), and 30 elderly people aged between 60 and 75 years (M = 69.97, SD = 6.16). Participants were asked to make a remember/know judgment for the 10 public events presented to them. They further answered event-related questions (SM) and questions regarding the context of hearing about the event (EM). Moreover, they reported their arousal level during recall and evaluated each event in terms of phenomenological characteristics such as importance, emotional intensity, and valence. Arousal level was also measured using physiological measurements with the GSR device. Based on self-reports, EM processes were associated with higher arousal levels compared to SM processes whereas the five physiological indicators of arousal displayed different patterns. Both EM and SM performance displayed an increase together with the increasing arousal levels, and young participants displayed higher levels of arousal and faster physiological responses than both middle-aged and elderly adults. When phenomenological characteristics were examined, remembered public events were rated more important, emotionally more intense and more negative than known events. Furthermore, higher arousal levels were associated with higher ratings of emotional intensity, importance and negativity. The reliability of self-reports and the critical role of applying objective measures were discussed together with the findings. Finally, some suggestions were proposed for future research on the basis of the current limitations and results.
Citation - WoS: 45
Citation - Scopus: 50
Relative Group Size and Minority School Success: the Role of Intergroup Friendship and Discrimination Experiences
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Baysu, Gülseli; Phalet, Karen; Brown, Rupert
From an intergroup relations perspective relative group size is associated with the quantity and quality of intergroup contact: more positive contact (i.e. intergroup friendship) supports and negative contact (i.e. experienced discrimination) hampers minority identity and school success. Accordingly we examined intergroup contact as the process through which perceived relative proportions of minority and majority students in school affected minority success (i.e. school performance satisfaction and self-efficacy). Turkish minorities (N = 1060) were compared in four Austrian and Belgian cities which differ in their typical school ethnic composition. Across cities minority experiences of intergroup contact fully mediated the impact of perceived relative group size on school success. As expected higher minority presence impaired school success through restricting intergroup friendship and increasing experienced discrimination. The association between minority presence and discrimination was curvilinear however so that schools where minority students predominated offered some protection from discrimination. To conclude the comparative findings reveal positive and negative intergroup contact as key processes that jointly explain when and how higher proportions of minority students affect school success.
Citation - WoS: 28
Citation - Scopus: 29
Beyond Muslim Identity: Opinion-Based Groups in the Gezi Park Protest
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2017) Baysu, Gülseli; Phalet, Karen
Media depicted Turkish Gezi Park protests as a clash between secularists and Islamists within a majority-Muslim country. Extending a social identity approach to protests this study aims (a) to distinguish the protest participants in terms of their opinion-based group memberships (b) to investigate how their religious identification and their group membership were associated with democratic attitudes. Six hundred and fifty highly educated urban young adult participants were surveyed during the protest. Latent class analysis of participants' political concerns and online and offline actions yielded four distinct opinion-based groups labeled liberals secularists moderates and conservatives. Looking at the intersection of the participants' group identities with their Muslim identification we observed that the higher conservatives' and moderates' religious identification the less they endorsed democratic attitudes whereas religious identification made little or no difference in liberals' and secularists' democratic attitudes. Our findings of distinct groups among protest participants in a majority-Muslim country challenge an essentialist understanding of religion as a homogeneous social identity.
Citation - WoS: 35
Citation - Scopus: 38
Activating Reflective Thinking With Decision Justification and Debiasing Training
(Society for Judgment and Decision making, 2020) İsler, Ozan; Yılmaz, Onurcan; Doğruyol, Burak
Manipulations for activating reflective thinking, although regularly used in the literature, have not previously been systematically compared. There are growing concerns about the effectiveness of these methods as well as increasing demand for them. Here, we study five promising reflection manipulations using an objective performance measure — the Cognitive Reflection Test 2 (CRT-2). In our large-scale preregistered online experiment (N = 1,748), we compared a passive and an active control condition with time delay, memory recall, decision justification, debiasing training, and combination of debiasing training and decision justification. We found no evidence that online versions of the two regularly used reflection conditions — time delay and memory recall — improve cognitive performance. Instead, our study isolated two less familiar methods that can effectively and rapidly activate reflective thinking: (1) a brief debiasing training, designed to avoid common cognitive biases and increase reflection, and (2) simply asking participants to justify their decisions.
Gezi Protestolarına Katılanların Politik Profilleri ve Demokratik Tutumları
(Türk Psikologlar Derneği, 2017) Baysu, Gülseli
Gezi Parkı protestoları uluslararası medyada çoğunluğu Müslüman olan bir ülkedeki laik ve İslamcı gruplar arasındaki bir çatışma olarak görülmüş ve Türkiye’deki demokrasinin geleceği hakkında şüpheler uyandırmıştır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın sosyal kimlik ve kolektif eylem kuramları temelinde iki amacı vardır: (1) ortak politik kaygıya, yani protestoya katılım nedenlerine, ve katılım biçimlerine, yani gerçekleştirdikleri eylemlere, göre katılımcıların politik profillerini tanımlamak ve (2) bu profildeki kişilerin farklı demokratik tutumları ne derece benimsediklerini araştırmak. Protestolar devam ederken internet üzerinden yürütülen araştırmaya 645 eğitimli, şehirli genç-yetişkin katılımcı katılmıştır. Katılımcıların politik kaygılarının ve farklı katılım türlerinin örtük sınıf analizi yöntemi ile analizi sonucunda dört farklı politik profil ortaya çıkmaktadır. Özgürlükçüler ve laikler demokrasi, kadın hakları ve çevre gibi konularda ortak kaygılarını dile getirmektedir. Ancak özgürlükçüler azınlık hakları, laikler ise daha çok etnik ve (laikliğe yönelik) dini tehdit konularında kaygılanmaktadır. Her iki grup da protestoya katılmış olmakla beraber, özgürlükçüler doğrudan katılım, laikler ise (tencere ve tava ile ses çıkarmak gibi) dolaylı katılım yollarını tercih etmişlerdir. Ortayolcular (veya muhafazakar laikler) de demokrasi, kadın hakları ve çevre konusunda kaygı duymaktadır. Protestolara tutum olarak destek verseler de doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak katılımları sınırlıdır. Son olarak, muhafazakarlar, diğer konularda daha az kaygı duysalar da, protesto-temelli polis şiddeti gibi konularda kaygılarını dile getirmiş; doğrudan değil sosyal medya üzerinden politik katılımı tercih etmişlerdir. Ayrıca, politik profillerin demokratik tutumlarına bakıldığında, özgürlükçülerin kapsayıcı ve çok kültürlü bir demokrasiyi en çok benimseyen grup olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçları günümüz protestoları ve katılımcılarına olduğu kadar, bunların demokrasi ile ilişkisine de ışık tutmaktadır.
Citation - WoS: 8
Citation - Scopus: 10
The Effect of Self-Concept Clarity on Discretionary Spending Tendency
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2016) Sarial-Abi, Gulen; Gurhan-Canli, Zeynep; Kumkale, Gökçe Tarcan; Yoon, Yeosun
Discretionary spending is an important indicator of economic well-being. However prior research is limited in empirically testing who is more likely to make discretionary purchases. To address this research gap this article suggests that those who have less clearly and confidently defined internally consistent and temporally stable self-knowledge (i.e. those who have low self-concept clarity [SCC]) have higher discretionary spending tendencies than high-SCC individuals. The results indicate that low-SCC individuals have higher discretionary spending tendencies because they are more likely to adopt avoidant coping strategies than are high-SCC individuals. This research further tests the effectiveness of elaboration on potential outcomes in reducing the discretionary spending tendencies of individuals with high- or low-SCC and demonstrates that it is effective only for high-SCC individuals. This article concludes with a discussion of the theoretical and managerial implications of the results. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.